We wanted to understand how the competitive scientific system affected researchers in Argentina, whose budget to finance science is noticeably lower than in other countries and historically unstable. The objective was to identify factors that influence scientific vocation, main publication strategies and time-management tactics. A structured survey was designed and circulated online for 6 months (2018/2019). The 684 valid responses were separated per academic stage: PhD students (41%), postdoc fellows (21%) and senior researchers (38%). National science policies (answer frequency = 0.69) and resources/funding availability (0.62) had a negative influence on scientific vocation. The difficulties to access to scholarships/full-time positions (0.48) had a negative influence mainly for younger researchers. Peer interaction activities were selected as positive factors for scientific vocation, for example work-team (0.51), which also stimulated the generation of new ideas together with the collaboration with other groups (0.76) and conference attendance (0.59). The most frequent publishing strategy to become a full-time researcher was publishing in high impact journals (0.87). However, young researchers mainly chose to make their findings public at conferences (0.57). Time devoted to scientific production was relevant (0.73) and followed by teaching (0.39), although the last was also the least stimulating activity for the generation of new ideas. Three highlights emerge from our results. First, scientific vocation is negatively affected by structural factors related to the scientific system and positively influenced by peer interaction instances. Second, to publish in high impact journals is the most advisable strategy to become a full-time researcher. Third, the most time-demanding activities are not those that most stimulate the generation of ideas. Emerging recommendations for National Science, Technology, and Innovation Ministry, Universities, and/or research organisms for early-career Argentine researchers are as follows: increase national science budget, encourage work-team meetings and stays abroad, keep contact with local communities, stakeholders and decision-makers.

中文翻译：

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阿根廷研究人员：科学职业、出版策略和时间管理策略

我们想了解竞争性科学体系如何影响阿根廷的研究人员，阿根廷的科学预算明显低于其他国家，而且历史上也不稳定。目的是确定影响科学职业、主要出版策略和时间管理策略的因素。设计了一项结构化的调查并在网上传播了 6 个月（2018/2019）。684 份有效回复按学术阶段分开：博士生 (41%)、博士后研究员 (21%) 和高级研究人员 (38%)。国家科学政策（回答频率 = 0.69）和资源/资金可用性（0.62）对科学职业有负面影响。获得奖学金/全职职位的困难 (0.48) 主要对年轻研究人员产生了负面影响。同伴互动活动被选为科学职业的积极因素，例如工作团队（0.51），这也刺激了新想法的产生以及与其他团体的合作（0.76）和会议出席率（0.59）。成为全职研究人员最常见的出版策略是在高影响力期刊上发表文章 (0.87)。然而，年轻的研究人员主要选择在会议上公开他们的发现（0.57）。用于科学生产的时间是相关的（0.73），其次是教学（0.39），尽管最后一个也是产生新思想的最不刺激的活动。我们的结果出现了三个亮点。首先，科学职业受到与科学系统相关的结构性因素的负面影响，并受到同伴互动实例的正面影响。其次，在高影响力期刊上发表文章是成为全职研究员的最明智的策略。第三，最需要时间的活动并不是最能激发创意产生的活动。针对阿根廷国家科学、技术和创新部、大学和/或研究机构的新兴建议如下：增加国家科学预算，鼓励工作团队会议并留在国外，与当地社区、利益相关者保持联系和决策者。