Mixing of anthropogenic gaseous pollutants and biogenic volatile organic compounds impacts the formation of secondary aerosols, but still in an unclear manner. The present study explores secondary aerosol formation via the interactions between β-pinene, O₃, NO₂, SO₂, and NH₃ under dark conditions. Results showed that aerosol yield can be largely enhanced by more than 330% by NO₂ or SO₂ but slightly enhanced by NH₃ by 39% when the ratio of inorganic gases to β-pinene ranged from 0 to 1.3. Joint effects of NO₂ and SO₂ and SO₂ and NH₃ existed as aerosol yields increased with NO₂ but decreased with NH₃ when SO₂ was kept constant. Infrared spectra showed nitrogen-containing aerosol components derived from NO₂ and NH₃ and sulfur-containing species derived from SO₂. Several particulate organic nitrates (MW 215, 229, 231, 245), organosulfates (MW 250, 264, 280, 282, 284), and nitrooxy organosulfates (MW 295, 311, 325, 327, and 343) were identified using high-resolution orbitrap mass spectrometry in NO₂ and SO₂ experiments, and their formation mechanism is discussed. Most of these nitrogen- and sulfur-containing species have been reported in ambient particles. Our results suggest that the complex interactions among β-pinene, O₃, NO₂, SO₂, and NH₃ during the night might serve as a potential pathway for the formation of particulate nitrogen- and sulfur-containing organics, especially in polluted regions with both anthropogenic and biogenic influences.

中文翻译：

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夜间人为-生物相互作用：β-蒎烯氧化增强二次气溶胶和含氮和硫有机物颗粒的形成

人为气态污染物和生物挥发性有机化合物的混合会影响二次气溶胶的形成，但仍不清楚。本研究探索了在黑暗条件下通过 β-蒎烯、O ₃、NO ₂、SO ₂和 NH ₃之间的相互作用形成的二次气溶胶。结果表明，当无机气体与β-蒎烯的比例为0～1.3时，NO ₂或SO _{2 的}气溶胶产率可大大提高330%以上，而NH ₃的气溶胶产率可提高39%。NO ₂和SO ₂以及SO ₂和NH _{3 的}联合作用当 SO ₂保持恒定时，气溶胶产量随 NO ₂增加但随 NH ₃减少而存在。红外光谱显示了源自 NO ₂和 NH ₃的含氮气溶胶成分以及源自 SO _{2 的}含硫物质。几种颗粒有机硝酸盐（MW 215、229、231、245）、有机硫酸盐（MW 250、264、280、282、284）和硝基有机硫酸盐（MW 295、311、325、327 和 343）被鉴定出来NO ₂和 SO _{2 中的}分辨率轨道阱质谱实验，并讨论了它们的形成机制。大多数这些含氮和硫的物质已在环境颗粒中报告。我们的研究结果表明，夜间β-蒎烯、O ₃、NO ₂、SO ₂和NH ₃之间的复杂相互作用可能是形成颗粒状含氮和硫有机物的潜在途径，尤其是在污染地区人为和生物的影响。