International Journal of Psychophysiology ( IF 3 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-27 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2021.05.010 Aakash A Dave 1 , Matthew Lehet 2 , Vaibhav A Diwadkar 3 , Katharine N Thakkar 4
The ability to form associations between stimuli and commit those associations to memory is a cornerstone of human cognition. Dopamine and noradrenaline are critical neuromodulators implicated in a range of cognitive functions, including learning and memory. Eye blink rate (EBR) and pupil diameter have been shown to index dopaminergic and noradrenergic activity. Here, we examined how these ocular measures relate to accuracy in a paired-associate learning task where participants (N = 73) learned consistent object-location associations over eight trials consisting of pre-trial fixation, encoding, delay, and retrieval epochs. In order to examine how within-subject changes and between-subject changes in ocular metrics related to accuracy, we mean centered individual metric values on each trial based on within-person and across-subject means for each epoch. Within-participant variation in EBR was positively related to accuracy in both encoding and delay epochs: faster EBR within the individual predicted better retrieval. Differences in EBR across participants was negatively related to accuracy in the encoding epoch and in early trials of the pre-trial fixation: faster EBR, relative to other subjects, predicted poorer retrieval. Visual scanning behavior in pre-trial fixation and delay epochs was also positively related to accuracy in early trials: more scanning predicted better retrieval. We found no relationship between pupil diameter and accuracy. These results provide novel evidence supporting the utility of ocular metrics in illuminating cognitive and neurobiological mechanisms of paired-associate learning.
中文翻译:
联想学习期间的眼部测量预测召回准确性
在刺激之间形成关联并将这些关联提交给记忆的能力是人类认知的基石。多巴胺和去甲肾上腺素是重要的神经调节剂,涉及一系列认知功能,包括学习和记忆。眨眼率 (EBR) 和瞳孔直径已被证明是多巴胺能和去甲肾上腺素能活性的指标。在这里,我们检查了这些视觉测量如何与配对关联学习任务中的准确性相关,其中参与者(N = 73)在包括预审固定、编码、延迟和检索时期的八次试验中学习了一致的对象位置关联。为了检查眼部指标的受试者内变化和受试者间变化如何与准确性相关,我们的意思是在每个试验中基于每个时期的个体内部和跨主体平均值的中心个体度量值。EBR 的参与者内部变化与编码和延迟时期的准确性呈正相关:个体内更快的 EBR 预测更好的检索。参与者之间 EBR 的差异与编码时期和预审固定的早期试验的准确性呈负相关:相对于其他受试者,更快的 EBR 预测较差的检索。预审固定和延迟时期的视觉扫描行为也与早期试验的准确性呈正相关:更多的扫描预测更好的检索。我们发现瞳孔直径和精度之间没有关系。