Diverse perspectives in the theory and practice of restoration ecology create a productive space to continuously improve outcomes for people and biodiversity. The practical side of restoration ecology often focuses on the recovery of ecosystem structure—the habitat and organisms that create ecological communities. This structural approach has led to many successes, but falls short when it comes to accommodating both complex ecological interactions and a sustainable role for people as reciprocal agents in restoration practice. Process-based restoration offers a complementary approach to this structural perspective. Just as structural restoration “balances a ledger” of facilitated and suppressed species based on their perceived value and role in meeting restoration goals, process-based restoration focuses on suppressing weedy interactions and enhancing desired interactions. At least four features characterize process-based restoration—including emphasis on the intrinsic and utilitarian values of: (1) the regenerating processes of natural disturbance; (2) functional, indirect, and trait-mediated interactions; (3) selective connectivity to titrate the amount and types of ecological flows desired for recovery goals; and (4) an inclusive human connection with nature. These features work in concert, such as renewing the role of forest burning by Indigenous people to facilitate growth of forage plants that bolster populations of harvestable animals. With restoration becoming an increasingly vital and internationally recognized field in the coming century, a more effective and inclusive approach will be needed to conserve biodiversity and the cultures that depend on it.

中文翻译：

---

为陆地社区实施基于过程的恢复

恢复生态学理论和实践的不同观点为不断改善人类和生物多样性的成果创造了生产空间。恢复生态学的实践方面通常侧重于生态系统结构的恢复——创造生态群落的栖息地和生物。这种结构性方法取得了许多成功，但在适应复杂的生态相互作用和人们作为恢复实践中的互惠代理的可持续作用方面存在不足。基于过程的修复为这种结构视角提供了一种补充方法。正如结构修复根据其感知价值和在实现修复目标方面的作用“平衡了促进和抑制物种的分类账”，基于过程的恢复侧重于抑制杂草相互作用和增强所需的相互作用。至少有四个特征描述了基于过程的恢复——包括强调以下方面的内在和实用价值：（1）自然干扰的再生过程；(2) 功能性、间接性和特征介导的相互作用；(3) 选择性连接以滴定恢复目标所需的生态流量的数量和类型；(4) 人类与自然的包容性联系。这些功能协同工作，例如更新原住民燃烧森林的作用，以促进草料植物的生长，从而增加可收获动物的数量。随着修复成为下个世纪越来越重要和国际公认的领域，