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Analysis of normal and tangential restitution coefficients in car collisions based on finite element method
International Journal of Crashworthiness ( IF 1.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-28 , DOI: 10.1080/13588265.2021.1926825
Yuta Yamamoto 1 , Yuqing Zhao 1 , Koji Mizuno 1
Affiliation  

Abstract

In momentum-based impact models used in accident reconstructions, the restitution coefficient is a key role to determine impulses and delta-V accurately in car-to-car collisions. The restitution coefficients can be defined as the normal and the tangential direction in the contact plane, and the same value of the normal and tangential coefficients is employed in a two-dimensional PC-Crash model. Ishikawa (1993) proposed an impact model with the normal and tangential restitution coefficient, however, to the best of the author's knowledge, few studies have further investigated tangential restitution coefficients in detail. In this study, the normal and tangential restitution coefficients of the impact model were investigated based on the finite element (FE) analysis. FE simulations of angled barrier crashes with varying barrier angles as well as 16 car-to-car collisions were conducted. As the contact plane slides, the ratio of the tangential impulse to the normal impulse becomes the same value with the maximum friction coefficient. The tangential restitution coefficient is related to whether sliding occurs on the contact plane, and can be expressed as a function of the impulse ratio. The tangential restitution coefficient decreased with increasing the impulse ratio and is positive in non-sliding collisions and negative in sliding collisions. An approximate expression for the tangential restitution coefficient was formulated as a function of the generalized impulse ratio. The calculated impulses of the impact model with normal and tangential restitution coefficients were closer to the FE analysis than the PC-Crash model which uses a constant restitution coefficient of 0.1.



中文翻译:

基于有限元法的汽车碰撞法向和切向恢复系数分析

摘要

在事故重建中使用的基于动量的冲击模型中,恢复系数是准确确定车对车碰撞中的冲量和 delta-V 的关键作用。恢复系数可以定义为接触平面中的法线和切线方向,并且在二维 PC-Crash 模型中使用相同的法线和切线系数值。Ishikawa (1993) 提出了一个具有法向和切向恢复系数的冲击模型,然而,据作者所知,很少有研究进一步详细研究切向恢复系数。在本研究中,基于有限元 (FE) 分析研究了冲击模型的法向和切向恢复系数。进行了具有不同障碍角的倾斜障碍物碰撞以及 16 次汽车对汽车碰撞的有限元模拟。随着接触平面的滑动,切向冲量与法向冲量的比值与最大摩擦系数相同。切向恢复系数与接触面是否发生滑动有关,可以表示为冲量比的函数。切向恢复系数随着冲量比的增加而减小,在非滑动碰撞中为正,在滑动碰撞中为负。切向恢复系数的近似表达式被公式化为广义脉冲比的函数。

更新日期:2021-05-28
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