Fresnel diffraction of light beams with a topological charge on a 2D regular amplitude transparency mask is studied. Numerical predictions show that the 3D optical lattices of optical vortices can be formed using the Talbot effect, with these predictions confirmed by the experimental reconstruction of all 3D optical vortex lattices. The periodicity of the 3D optical vortex lattices is determined by the light wavelength and periodicity of a transparency mask. Furthermore, it is shown that the optical vortices are created and annihilated during light propagation behind the mask with the preservation of the total topological charge. The 3D optical vortex lattices are considered to be tolerant to the perturbations induced by trapped particles caused by the features of the Talbot effect. The 3D optical vortex lattices open new possibilities for light–matter interactions and the related applications.

中文翻译：

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3D 光学涡旋晶格

研究了具有拓扑电荷的光束在二维规则振幅透明掩模上的菲涅耳衍射。数值预测表明，可以使用 Talbot 效应形成光学涡旋的 3D 光学晶格，所有 3D 光学涡旋晶格的实验重建证实了这些预测。3D 光学涡旋晶格的周期性由光波长和透明掩模的周期性决定。此外，还表明在光在掩模后面传播期间产生和消除了光学涡流，同时保留了总拓扑电荷。3D 光学涡旋晶格被认为可以容忍由 Talbot 效应的特征引起的捕获粒子引起的扰动。