Hybridization is an effective method for the genetic improvement of farmed species. In this study, three broodstock populations (Changjiang, CJ, Dongting, DT, and Dianshan, DS) of oriental river prawn, Macrobrachium nipponense were used, and DS was used as the female broodstock. Through three-line hybridization, two hybrid populations were finally obtained. The F3 generation of the broodstock population and the F1 generation of the hybrid population were cultured indoors for 3 months. Through morphological analysis (cluster analysis, discriminant analysis and path analysis) it was found that the hybrid population and the broodstock had some differences, but not enough to reach the subspecies level, and the dominant traits exhibited differentiation and reorganization. This study identified SNP genetic markers, carried out systematic evolution analysis and genetic diversity analysis and found that the nucleotide diversity π and heterozygosity Het of the hybrid population were higher than those of the broodstock. Among broodstocks, the differentiation index (F_st) of SCD and SDC was smallest (0.055). This research provides some valuable reference for genetic breeding.

中文翻译：

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基于形态学分析和SNP标记的日本沼虾亲虾与杂交后代形态和遗传多样性比较

杂交是养殖品种遗传改良的有效方法。在这项研究中，东方河虾的三个亲鱼种群（长江，CJ，洞庭，DT，和淀山，DS），日本沼虾使用，DS 用作雌性亲鱼。通过三系杂交，最终获得两个杂交群体。亲鱼种群的F3代和杂交种群的F1代在室内培养3个月。通过形态学分析（聚类分析、判别分析和路径分析）发现，杂交种群与亲鱼存在一定差异，但不足以达到亚种水平，优势性状表现出分化和重组。本研究鉴定SNP遗传标记，进行系统进化分析和遗传多样性分析，发现核苷酸多样性π杂合种群的Het 和杂合度均高于亲鱼。间亲鱼，分化指数（˚F _ST SCD和SDC的）为最小（0.055）。本研究为遗传育种提供了一些有价值的参考。