Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is one of the primary causes of death worldwide. Rapid and accurate diagnosis of TB is one of the most direct means to reduce the incidence of TB. In this study, urinary proteomic profiling of TB patients and non-TB individual controls (HCs) was performed, and differentially expressed urinary proteins between TB and HCs were compared and exclusively expressed proteins in TB patients were selected to establish a clinically useful disease marker panel. In total, these top 11 targeted proteins with 265 peptides were scheduled for multiple reaction monitoring validation analysis by using urine samples from 52 TB patients and 52 HCs. The result demonstrated that a three-protein combination out of the five-protein panel (namely P22352, Q9P121, P15151, Q13291, and Q8NDA2) exhibited sensitivity rate of 82.7% in the diagnosis of TB. Furthermore, the three-protein combination could differentiate TB from the latent tuberculosis (LTB) effectively, which exhibited specificity rate of 92.3% for the diagnosis of TB from the LTB category. Although more numbers of clinical samples are required for further verification, the results provided preliminary evidence that this “three-protein combination” out of the five-protein panel could probably be a novel TB diagnostic biomarker in clinical application.

中文翻译：

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尿液蛋白质组学分析以确定用于诊断结核病的潜在蛋白质生物标志物组

结核病 (TB) 是由结核分枝杆菌引起的并且是全世界死亡的主要原因之一。快速准确地诊断结核病是降低结核病发病率的最直接手段之一。在这项研究中，对 TB 患者和非 TB 个体对照 (HC) 进行了尿液蛋白质组学分析，比较了 TB 和 HC 之间差异表达的尿蛋白，并选择了 TB 患者中唯一表达的蛋白质，以建立临床有用的疾病标志物组. 总共，使用来自 52 名 TB 患者和 52 名 HC 的尿液样本，计划对这些具有 265 种肽的前 11 种靶向蛋白质进行多反应监测验证分析。结果表明，五种蛋白质组（即 P22352、Q9P121、P15151、Q13291 和 Q8NDA2）中的三种蛋白质组合在诊断 TB 时的敏感性为 82.7%。此外，三蛋白组合可有效区分结核病与潜伏性结核病（LTB），对LTB类结核病的诊断特异性为92.3%。尽管需要更多的临床样本进行进一步验证，但结果提供了初步证据，表明五蛋白组中的这种“三蛋白组合”可能是临床应用中的新型结核病诊断生物标志物。