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2D cine vs. 3D self-navigated free-breathing high-resolution whole heart cardiovascular magnetic resonance for aortic root measurements in congenital heart disease
Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance ( IF 6.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-27 , DOI: 10.1186/s12968-021-00744-1
Clément Nussbaumer 1 , Judith Bouchardy 2 , Coralie Blanche 1 , Davide Piccini 3, 4 , Anna-Giulia Pavon 1 , Pierre Monney 1 , Matthias Stuber 3 , Jürg Schwitter 1 , Tobias Rutz 1, 2
Affiliation  

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is considered the method of choice for evaluation of aortic root dilatation in congenital heart disease. Usually, a cross-sectional 2D cine stack is acquired perpendicular to the vessel’s axis. However, this method requires a considerable patient collaboration and precise planning of image planes. The present study compares a recently introduced 3D self-navigated free-breathing high-resolution whole heart CMR sequence (3D self nav) allowing a multiplanar retrospective reconstruction of the aortic root as an alternative to the 2D cine technique for determination of aortic root diameters. A total of 6 cusp-commissure (CuCo) and cusp-cusp (CuCu) enddiastolic diameters were measured by two observers on 2D cine and 3D self nav cross-sectional planes of the aortic root acquired on a 1.5 T CMR scanner. Asymmetry of the aortic root was evaluated by the ratio of the minimal to the maximum 3D self nav CuCu diameter. CuCu diameters were compared to standard transthoracic echocardiographic (TTE) aortic root diameters. Sixty-five exams in 58 patients (32 ± 15 years) were included. Typically, 2D cine and 3D self nav spatial resolution was 1.1–1.52 × 4.5-7 mm and 0.9–1.153 mm, respectively. 3D self nav yielded larger maximum diameters than 2D cine: CuCo 37.2 ± 6.4 vs. 36.2 ± 7.0 mm (p = 0.006), CuCu 39.7 ± 6.3 vs. 38.5 ± 6.5 mm (p < 0.001). CuCu diameters were significantly larger (2.3–3.9 mm, p < 0.001) than CuCo and TTE diameters on both 2D cine and 3D self nav. Intra- and interobserver variabilities were excellent for both techniques with bias of -0.5 to 1.0 mm. Intra-observer variability of the more experienced observer was better for 3D self nav (F-test p < 0.05). Aortic root asymmetry was more pronounced in patients with bicuspid aortic valve (BAV: 0.73 (interquartile (IQ) 0.69; 0.78) vs. 0.93 (IQ 0.9; 0.96), p < 0.001), which was associated to a larger difference of maximum CuCu to TTE diameters: 5.5 ± 3.3 vs. 3.3 ± 3.8 mm, p = 0.033. Both, the 3D self nav and 2D cine CMR techniques allow reliable determination of aortic root diameters. However, we propose to privilege the 3D self nav technique and measurement of CuCu diameters to avoid underestimation of the maximum diameter, particularly in patients with asymmetric aortic roots and/or BAV.

中文翻译:

用于先天性心脏病主动脉根部测量的 2D 电影与 3D 自导航自由呼吸高分辨率全心心血管磁共振

心血管磁共振 (CMR) 被认为是评估先天性心脏病主动脉根部扩张的首选方法。通常,垂直于血管轴获取横截面 2D 电影堆栈。然而,这种方法需要大量的患者协作和图像平面的精确规划。本研究比较了最近推出的 3D 自主导航自由呼吸高分辨率全心脏 CMR 序列(3D 自我导航),允许主动脉根部的多平面回顾性重建,作为用于确定主动脉根部直径的 2D 电影技术的替代方案。由两名观察者在 1.5 T CMR 扫描仪上获得的主动脉根部的 2D 电影和 3D 自导航横截面平面上测量了总共 6 个尖瓣连合 (CuCo) 和尖瓣-尖瓣 (CuCu) 舒张末期直径。主动脉根部的不对称性通过最小与最大 3D 自导航 CuCu 直径的比率进行评估。将 CuCu 直径与标准经胸超声心动图 (TTE) 主动脉根部直径进行比较。包括 58 名患者(32 ± 15 岁)的 65 项检查。通常,2D 电影和 3D 自导航空间分辨率分别为 1.1-1.52 × 4.5-7 毫米和 0.9-1.153 毫米。3D 自导航产生比 2D 电影更大的最大直径:CuCo 37.2 ± 6.4 与 36.2 ± 7.0 毫米(p = 0.006),CuCu 39.7 ± 6.3 与 38.5 ± 6.5 毫米(p < 0.001)。在 2D 电影和 3D 自导航中,CuCu 直径明显大于 CuCo 和 TTE 直径(2.3-3.9 毫米,p < 0.001)。两种技术的观察者内和观察者间变异性都非常好,偏差为 -0.5 到 1.0 毫米。对于 3D 自我导航,更有经验的观察者的观察者内变异性更好(F 检验 p < 0.05)。二叶主动脉瓣患者的主动脉根部不对称更明显(BAV:0.73(四分位间距 (IQ) 0.69;0.78)与 0.93(IQ 0.9;0.96),p < 0.001),这与最大 CuCu 的较大差异相关TTE 直径:5.5 ± 3.3 与 3.3 ± 3.8 毫米,p = 0.033。3D 自导航和 2D 电影 CMR 技术都可以可靠地确定主动脉根部直径。然而,我们建议优先使用 3D 自我导航技术和测量 CuCu 直径以避免低估最大直径,特别是在主动脉根部和/或 BAV 不对称的患者中。93(IQ 0.9;0.96),p < 0.001),这与最大 CuCu 与 TTE 直径的较大差异有关:5.5 ± 3.3 与 3.3 ± 3.8 mm,p = 0.033。3D 自导航和 2D 电影 CMR 技术都可以可靠地确定主动脉根部直径。然而,我们建议优先使用 3D 自我导航技术和测量 CuCu 直径以避免低估最大直径,特别是在主动脉根部和/或 BAV 不对称的患者中。93(IQ 0.9;0.96),p < 0.001),这与最大 CuCu 与 TTE 直径的较大差异有关:5.5 ± 3.3 与 3.3 ± 3.8 mm,p = 0.033。3D 自导航和 2D 电影 CMR 技术都可以可靠地确定主动脉根部直径。然而,我们建议优先使用 3D 自我导航技术和测量 CuCu 直径以避免低估最大直径,特别是在主动脉根部和/或 BAV 不对称的患者中。
更新日期:2021-05-27
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