Few works had systematically investigated the relationship between the rupture stress of the oxide shell and the diameter of liquid metal nanoparticles (LMNPs). Here, we fabricated a series of elastomer/LMNPs composites, which were based on various polyurethanes with different shore hardness and LMNPs with different diameters, to systematically study the rupture stress of LMNPs. We established a reliable and guidable relationship between the stress–strain curves of elastomers with different shore hardness and rupture stress of LMNPs with various diameters by both experiments and numerical calculations. Based on this guidance, we can facilely prepare stretchable conductors with remarkable stretchability and conductivity (i.e., 24,130 S · cm⁻¹ at 500% strain) and stretchable dielectrics with excellent stretchability and permittivity (i.e., dielectric constant of 76.8 with 580% strain) through controlling the shore hardness of elastomers and diameter of LMNPs. This work will facilitate the systematic study of LMNPs and expand their use in stretchable electronics.

很少有工作系统地研究氧化物壳的断裂应力与液态金属纳米颗粒（LMNP）的直径之间的关系。在此，我们基于一系列具有不同肖氏硬度的聚氨酯和不同直径的LMNPs，制造了一系列弹性体/ LMNPs复合材料，以系统地研究LMNPs的断裂应力。通过实验和数值计算，我们建立了具有不同肖氏硬度的弹性体的应力-应变曲线与不同直径的LMNP的断裂应力之间的可靠和可指导的关系。根据该指导，我们可以轻松地制备具有出色的可拉伸性和导电性（即24,130 S·cm ^-1通过控制弹性体的肖氏硬度和LMNPs的直径，可在500％应变时）和具有出色拉伸性和介电常数（即，介电常数为76.8，580％应变）的可拉伸电介质。这项工作将有助于对LMNP的系统研究，并扩大其在可拉伸电子产品中的用途。