The paper computationally investigates the explosive forming of the oxygen-free high thermal conductivity (OFHC) copper tube subjected to five different explosives. To investigate the effect of explosive type on the formability of OFHC copper tube, commonly used explosives, including C-4, TNT, HMX, Comp-B, and PBXN, was compared by using the finite element method. To verify the developed finite element model (FEM), the explosive forming experiments were carried out by using C-4. In the simulations, Coupled-Eulerian-Lagrangian (CEL) method to model the large deformations, Jones-Wilkins-Lee (JWL) equations of state (EOS) to define the explosive properties and Johnson-Cook (J-C) strength and damage models to specify the metal’s mechanical behavior were utilized. Besides, Hillerborg’s fracture energy was calculated with the Charpy impact test results and given as input to the FEM. The results of FEM were compared and verified using the results of explosive forming tests considering the mesh density and friction coefficient. The simulations revealed that the explosive type affected both the final shape and also the strain rate of the copper tube. When the simulation results for C-4 was taken as reference, HMX and PBX-N increased the strain rate as 110%, roughly. However, Comp-B and TNT reduced the strain rate by nearly 10% and 22%, respectively. Also, the explosive type changed the final hardness of the metal. OFHC Copper had the lowest hardness (112.7 HV) when the simulations were conducted with TNT. In contrast, the highest hardness value (129.5 HV) was reached when HMX was used in the simulations. In addition, simulations put forth that Hillerborg’s fracture energy criteria could be used in the explosive simulations to predict the damage on the metals.

本文通过计算研究了无氧高导热率（OFHC）铜管在五种不同爆炸物作用下的爆炸形成。为了研究炸药类型对OFHC铜管可成形性的影响，使用有限元方法比较了包括C-4，TNT，HMX，Comp-B和PBXN在内的常用炸药。为了验证开发的有限元模型（FEM），使用C-4进行了爆炸形成实验。在模拟中，使用耦合欧拉-拉格朗日（CEL）方法对大变形进行建模，使用琼斯-威尔金斯-李（JWL）状态方程（EOS）定义爆炸特性以及约翰逊-库克（JC）强度和破坏模型详细说明了金属的机械性能。除了，利用夏比冲击试验结果计算出希勒堡的断裂能，并将其作为FEM的输入。考虑到网孔密度和摩擦系数，使用爆炸成形试验的结果对有限元方法的结果进行了比较和验证。模拟显示，爆炸类型不仅影响最终形状，而且影响铜管的应变率。当以C-4的模拟结果作为参考时，HMX和PBX-N的应变率大约增加了110％。但是，Comp-B和TNT分别将应变率降低了近10％和22％。同样，炸药类型改变了金属的最终硬度。用TNT进行模拟时，OFHC铜的硬度最低（112.7 HV）。相反，当在模拟中使用HMX时，达到了最高硬度值（129.5 HV）。此外，