Global conservation policy and action have largely neglected protecting and monitoring genetic diversity—one of the three main pillars of biodiversity. Genetic diversity (diversity within species) underlies species’ adaptation and survival, ecosystem resilience, and societal innovation. The low priority given to genetic diversity has largely been due to knowledge gaps in key areas, including the importance of genetic diversity and the trends in genetic diversity change; the perceived high expense and low availability and the scattered nature of genetic data; and complicated concepts and information that are inaccessible to policymakers. However, numerous recent advances in knowledge, technology, databases, practice, and capacity have now set the stage for better integration of genetic diversity in policy instruments and conservation efforts. We review these developments and explore how they can support improved consideration of genetic diversity in global conservation policy commitments and enable countries to monitor, report on, and take action to maintain or restore genetic diversity.

中文翻译：

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保护和监测遗传多样性的全球承诺现在是必要且可行的

全球保护政策和行动在很大程度上忽视了保护和监测遗传多样性——生物多样性的三大支柱之一。遗传多样性（物种内的多样性）是物种适应和生存、生态系统恢复力和社会创新的基础。对遗传多样性的重视程度较低主要是由于关键领域的知识差距，包括遗传多样性的重要性和遗传多样性变化的趋势；感知到的高费用和低可用性以及遗传数据的分散性质；以及决策者无法获得的复杂概念和信息。然而，最近在知识、技术、数据库、实践和能力方面的许多进步已经为更好地将遗传多样性纳入政策工具和保护工作奠定了基础。