Serum haptoglobin (Hp), a highly sialylated biomolecule with four N-glycosylation sites, is a positive acute-phase response glycoprotein that acts as an immunomodulator. Hp has gained considerable attention due to its potential as a signature molecule that exhibits aberrant glycosylation in inflammatory disorders and malignancies. Its glycosylation can be analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by various methods using mass spectrometry. In this review, we have provided a brief overview of Hp structure and biological function and described mass spectrometry-based techniques for analyzing glycosylation ranging from macroheterogeneity to microheterogeneity of Hp in diseases and cancer. The sugars on haptoglobin can be a sweet bridge to link the potential of cancer-specific biomarkers to clinically relevant applications.

中文翻译：

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通过质谱法深入研究人类触珠蛋白相关癌症中糖基化的改变

血清触珠蛋白 (Hp) 是一种高度唾液酸化的生物分子，具有四个 N-糖基化位点，是一种阳性急性期反应糖蛋白，可作为免疫调节剂。Hp 由于其作为在炎症性疾病和恶性肿瘤中表现出异常糖基化的标志性分子的潜力而受到相当大的关注。其糖基化可以通过使用质谱的各种方法进行定性和定量分析。在这篇综述中，我们简要概述了 Hp 的结构和生物学功能，并描述了基于质谱的技术，用于分析 Hp 在疾病和癌症中从宏观异质性到微观异质性的糖基化。触珠蛋白上的糖可以成为将癌症特异性生物标志物的潜力与临床相关应用联系起来的甜蜜桥梁。