Objective

Physiological gamma and ripple activities may be linked to neurocognitive functions. This study investigated the relationship between development and non-epileptic, probably physiological, fast (40–200 Hz) oscillations (FOs) including gamma (40 – 80 Hz) and ripple (80 – 200 Hz) oscillations in scalp EEG in children with neurodevelopmental disorders.

Methods

Participants were 124 children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and/or attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Gamma and ripple oscillations were explored from 60-second-long sleep EEG data in each subject using a semi-automatic detection tool supplemented with visual confirmation and time–frequency analysis.

Results

Gamma and ripple oscillations were detected in 25 (20.2%) and 22 (17.7%) children, respectively. The observation of one or more occurrence(s) of ripple oscillations, but not gamma oscillations, was significantly related to lower age at EEG recording (odds ratio, OR: 0.727 [95% confidence interval, CI: 0.568–0.929]), higher intelligence/developmental quotient (OR: 1.041, 95% CI: 1.002–1.082), and lack of a diagnosis with ADHD (OR: 0.191, 95% CI: 0.039 – 0.937) according to a binominal logistic regression analysis that included diagnosis with ASD, sex, history of perinatal complications, history of febrile seizures, and use of a sedative agent for the EEG recording as the other non-significant parameters. Diagnostic group was not related to frequency or power of spectral peaks of FOs.

Conclusion

The production of non-epileptic scalp ripples was confirmed to be associated with brain development and function/dysfunction in childhood. Further investigation is necessary to interpret all of the information on higher brain functions that may be embedded in scalp FOs.

中文翻译：

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头皮脑电图非癫痫快速（40-200赫兹）振荡与儿童发育关系的研究

客观的

生理伽马和波纹活动可能与神经认知功能有关。本研究调查了神经发育儿童头皮脑电图中发育与非癫痫性、可能是生理性、快速（40-200 Hz）振荡（FOs）之间的关系，包括伽马（40-80 Hz）和波纹（80-200 Hz）振荡。障碍。

方法

参与者是 124 名患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 和/或注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 的儿童。使用半自动检测工具，辅以视觉确认和时频分析，从每个受试者 60 秒长的睡眠脑电图数据中探索伽马和波纹振荡。

结果

分别在 25 名（20.2%）和 22 名（17.7%）儿童中检测到伽马和波纹振荡。观察到一次或多次出现的波纹振荡，但不是伽马振荡，与脑电图记录时的较低年龄显着相关（优势比，OR：0.727 [95% 置信区间，CI：0.568-0.929]），较高根据包括 ASD 诊断在内的二项逻辑回归分析，智力/发育商 (OR: 1.041, 95% CI: 1.002–1.082) 和缺乏 ADHD 诊断 (OR: 0.191, 95% CI: 0.039 – 0.937) 、性别、围产期并发症史、高热惊厥史以及脑电图记录中使用镇静剂作为其他非显着参数。诊断组与 FO 谱峰的频率或功率无关。

结论

非癫痫性头皮波纹的产生被证实与儿童时期的大脑发育和功能/功能障碍有关。有必要进一步调查以解释可能嵌入头皮 FO 的高级大脑功能的所有信息。