Autophagy is a degradative pathway during which autophagosomes are formed that enwrap cytosolic material destined for turnover within the lytic compartment. Autophagosome biogenesis requires controlled lipid and membrane rearrangements to allow the formation of an autophagosomal seed and its subsequent elongation into a fully closed and fusion-competent double membrane vesicle. Different membrane remodeling events are required, which are orchestrated by the distinct autophagy machinery. An important player among these autophagy proteins is the small lipid-modifier Atg8. Atg8 proteins facilitate various aspects of autophagosome formation and serve as a binding platform for autophagy factors. Also Rab GTPases have been implicated in autophagosome biogenesis. As Atg8 proteins interact with several Rab GTPase regulators, they provide a possible link between autophagy progression and Rab GTPase activity. Here, we review central aspects in membrane dynamics during autophagosome biogenesis with a focus on Atg8 proteins and selected Rab GTPases.

自噬是一种降解途径，在此过程中形成的自噬体包裹着细胞质材料，用于在裂解室中进行周转。自噬体生物发生需要受控的脂质和膜重排，以允许形成自噬体种子并随后延伸成完全封闭且具有融合能力的双膜囊泡。需要不同的膜重塑事件，这是由不同的自噬机制精心策划的。这些自噬蛋白中的一个重要参与者是小脂质修饰剂 Atg8。Atg8 蛋白促进自噬体形成的各个方面，并作为自噬因子的结合平台。Rab GTP 酶也与自噬体生物发生有关。由于 Atg8 蛋白与几种 Rab GTPase 调节剂相互作用，它们提供了自噬进程和 Rab GTPase 活性之间的可能联系。在这里，我们回顾了自噬体生物发生过程中膜动力学的核心方面，重点是 Atg8 蛋白和选定的 Rab GTPases。