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Virtual cultural landscapes: Geospatial visualizations of past environments
Archaeological Prospection ( IF 1.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-25 , DOI: 10.1002/arp.1830
Kelly Monteleone 1 , Amy E. Thompson 2, 3 , Keith M. Prufer 4
Affiliation  

Recent advances in spatial and remote sensing technology have led to new methods in archaeological site identification and reconstruction, allowing archaeologists to investigate landscapes and sites on multiple scales. These remotely conducted surveys create virtual cultural landscapes and seascapes that archaeologists and the public interact with and experience, often better than traditional maps. Our study examines landscape reconstruction and archaeological site classifications from a phenomenological and human behavioural ecology (HBE) perspective. HBE aims to reconstruct how humans interacted with these places as part of their active and passive decision making. Through temporal reconstructions, archaeologists and others can experience and interpret past landscapes and subtle changes in cultural land- and seascapes. Here, we evaluate the use of remotely sensed data (lidar, satellite imagery, sonar, radar, etc.) for developing virtual cultural landscapes while also incorporating Indigenous perspectives. Our study compares two vastly different landscapes and perspectives: a seascape in coastal Alaska, USA, and a neotropical jungle in Belize, Central America. By incorporating ethnographic accounts, oral histories, Indigenous traditional knowledge and community engagement, archaeologists can develop new tools to understand decisions made in the past, especially pertaining to settlement selection and resource procurement. These virtual reconstructions become cognitive images of a possible place that the observer experiences. Virtual cultural landscapes allow archaeologists to reproduce landscapes that may otherwise be invisible and present them to different publics. These processes elucidate how landscapes changed over time based on human behaviours while simultaneously allowing archaeologists to engage with Indigenous communities and the public in the protection of prehistoric and historic sites and sacred spaces through cultural heritage management.

中文翻译:

虚拟文化景观:过去环境的地理空间可视化

空间和遥感技术的最新进展带来了考古遗址识别和重建的新方法,使考古学家能够在多个尺度上调查景观和遗址。这些远程调查创建了考古学家和公众与之互动和体验的虚拟文化景观和海景,通常比传统地图更好。我们的研究从现象学和人类行为生态学 (HBE) 的角度研究了景观重建和考古遗址分类。HBE 旨在重建人类如何与这些地方互动,作为他们主动和被动决策的一部分。通过时间重建,考古学家和其他人可以体验和解释过去的景观以及文化土地和海洋景观的微妙变化。这里,我们评估使用遥感数据(激光雷达、卫星图像、声纳、雷达等)开发虚拟文化景观,同时融入土著观点。我们的研究比较了两种截然不同的景观和视角:美国阿拉斯加沿海的海景和中美洲伯利兹的新热带丛林。通过结合民族志、口述历史、土著传统知识和社区参与,考古学家可以开发新工具来理解过去做出的决定,尤其是与定居点选择和资源采购有关的决定。这些虚拟重建成为观察者体验的可能地点的认知图像。虚拟文化景观使考古学家能够再现原本可能不可见的景观并将其呈现给不同的公众。
更新日期:2021-05-25
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