Emigration and population shrinkage are challenges faced in countries and communities throughout the world. Based on a systematic literature analysis of approximately 600 articles, we examine voluntary emigration through the lens of non-economic factors, establishing a cohesive and coherent view of the literature landscape across disciplines and enabling discussion of how local governments and non-governmental organizations might respond to emigration pressures nationally and locally. The factors identified in the literature are set within seven conceptual categories: personal ambition, personal relationships, quality of life, quality of working life, future opportunity, fitness to enter a new society and quality of governance. Focusing on these factors, a set of tools for local government and non-governmental organization action are proposed to manage emigration-induced population shrinkage, including citizen participation, strategic planning and management, cross-sector partnerships and capacity investments in the non-profit sector.

中文翻译：

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移民、人口萎缩和地方解决方案的理由：地方政府和非政府组织的经验教训

移民和人口萎缩是世界各国和社区面临的挑战。基于对大约 600 篇文章的系统文献分析，我们从非经济因素的角度审视自愿移民，建立跨学科文献景观的连贯一致的观点，并讨论地方政府和非政府组织可能如何应对国家和地方的移民压力。文献中确定的因素分为七个概念类别：个人抱负、人际关系、生活质量、工作生活质量、未来机会、进入新社会的适应性和治理质量。着眼于这些因素，