The increasing policy interest in the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has stimulated an interesting debate in the research community. Although there are numerous studies focusing on this issue, in literature little attention has been devoted to the impact of the initiative on the performances of Italian firms involved in agribusiness. In order to bridge this gap, this paper focuses on wine as a high-quality commodity exported all over the world and considered an epitome of Made in Italy. Furthermore, ports of Venice and Trieste was selected for the analyses as being part of BRI agreements. This study highlights that the BRI project may modify land use planning as a consequence of the policymakers’ choosing a specific port to serve as the Italian connection to the BRI. The heterogeneity that might influence regional data needs the usage of specific approaches (the order-α and order-m) to evaluate the firms’ efficiency as a consequence of two different links to the ports of Trieste and Venice. The authors attempt to perform this investigation considering the predicted effects of the BRI, and several different databases are used to examine these potential effects. The evaluation of accessibility in terms of distance and transport time could provide helpful details to policymakers when looking at different BRI alternatives. To achieve the analysis, the authors also consider dimensions connected to specific financial statements and labour, environmental and business innovation indicators. The results reveal that, when the scenario involves a specific port, some differences appear in the ranking of firms. The findings also show that the spatial effect connected to the choice of a specific port decreases for small firms. Since the Italian agribusiness sector – specifically the wine sector – is characterized by a prevalence of small and/or family firms, it is recommended that policymakers deal with the conclusions of present research to compare different BRI options from a land use point of view.

对“一带一路”倡议（BRI）日益增长的政策兴趣引起了研究界的一场有趣的辩论。尽管有大量针对此问题的研究，但在文学上很少关注该计划对涉足农业综合企业的意大利公司的绩效的影响。为了弥合这种差距，本文着重介绍葡萄酒作为一种高品质商品出口到世界各地，并被认为是意大利制造的缩影。。此外，作为“一带一路”协定的一部分，选择了威尼斯和的里雅斯特港口进行分析。这项研究强调，由于政策制定者选择特定的港口作为意大利与“一带一路”的纽带，“一带一路”项目可能会修改土地使用计划。可能影响区域数据的异质性需要使用特定的方法（α阶和m阶），以评估由于的里雅斯特和威尼斯港口的两个不同链接而产生的企业效率。作者试图在考虑BRI的预期影响的情况下进行这项研究，并且使用了几个不同的数据库来检查这些潜在的影响。在距离和运输时间方面对可及性的评估可以为政策制定者在研究不同的“一带一路”替代方案时提供有用的细节。为了进行分析，作者还考虑了与特定财务报表以及劳动力，环境和业务创新指标相关的维度。结果表明，当方案涉及特定端口时，公司排名中会出现一些差异。研究结果还表明，对于小型企业而言，与选择特定港口有关的空间效应正在降低。