RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq) is a newly developed method to analyze gene function and interaction at the omics level, which is widely used in frontier field in molecular biology and other fields. In recent years, this technology has been intensively used in the research of medicinal plants, and growing number of reports are published. In this study, we briefly introduced the research background of RNA-Seq, and have systematically organized relevant literature and reviewed the application of transcriptome sequencing in the research of medicinal plants in recent years from the aspects of functional gene mining and secondary metabolite pathway exploration, so as to provide research on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) based on RNA-Seq technology. Moreover, we introduced the specific application of several common medicinal plants, and discussed the application of this technology in the protection of germplasm resources, metabolomics, and optimal breeding of medicinal plants, in order to provide a reference for the study of systematic genomics of medicinal plants.

RNA测序（RNA-Seq）是一种新开发的在组学水平上分析基因功能和相互作用的方法，广泛应用于分子生物学等领域的前沿领域。近年来，该技术在药用植物的研究中得到了广泛的应用，并发表了越来越多的报告。本研究简要介绍了RNA-Seq的研究背景，并系统整理了相关文献，从功能基因挖掘和次生代谢途径探索等方面回顾了近年来转录组测序在药用植物研究中的应用，以提供基于RNA-Seq技术的中药研究。此外，我们还介绍了几种常见药用植物的具体应用，