As one of the largest energy consumers and greenhouse gas (GHG) emitters, the mining industry is switching to renewable energy to help reduce its energy and environmental impacts. There are already renewable energy systems (RES) in operation at large-scale mines. However, for off-grid small-scale mining operations, conventional diesel generators are still preferred given their mobility and modularity. The aim of this paper is to assess the techno-economic feasibility of RES for switch-on, switch-off mining, an emerging concept for mobile small-scale mining, in Europe. Simulations were performed using the HOMER Pro software to evaluate whether mobile and modular containerised RES available on the market are economically viable compared with diesel generators for potential mine sites across Europe. The results suggests that mobile and modular containerised RES are technically and financially feasible for powering switch-on, switch-off mining at different geographical locations in Europe, with varying system designs depending on the renewable resources available and providing significant reductions in GHG and air pollutant emissions. However, the use of RES in SSM could potentially have both positive and negative environmental and social impacts from a life cycle perspective, which extend beyond the mine site due to a diverse supply chain and deserve further research.

作为最大的能源消耗者和温室气体（GHG）排放者之一，采矿业正在转向可再生能源，以帮助减少其对能源和环境的影响。大型矿山已经在运行可再生能源系统（RES）。但是，对于离网小规模采矿作业，鉴于其移动性和模块化性，传统柴油发电机仍然是首选。本文的目的是评估RES在有形，无形采矿中的技术经济可行性，这是欧洲移动式小型采矿的新兴概念。使用HOMER Pro软件进行了仿真，以评估与欧洲潜在矿场的柴油发电机相比，市场上可买到的移动式和模块化集装箱式RES在经济上是否可行。结果表明，移动式和模块化集装箱式可再生能源在技术上和财务上都可用于为欧洲不同地理位置的开关式采矿提供动力，其系统设计取决于可用的可再生资源，并可显着减少温室气体和空气污染物排放。但是，从生命周期的角度来看，在SSM中使用RES可能对环境和社会都有正面和负面的影响，由于供应链的多样性，这种影响延伸到矿场以外，值得进一步研究。根据可用的可再生资源，采用不同的系统设计，并显着减少温室气体和空气污染物的排放。但是，从生命周期的角度来看，在SSM中使用RES可能对环境和社会都有正面和负面的影响，由于供应链的多样性，这种影响延伸到矿场以外，值得进一步研究。根据可用的可再生资源，采用不同的系统设计，并显着减少温室气体和空气污染物的排放。但是，从生命周期的角度来看，在SSM中使用RES可能对环境和社会都有正面和负面的影响，由于供应链的多样性，这种影响延伸到矿场以外，值得进一步研究。