Uterine disorders are often presented with overlapping symptoms. The microvasculature holds specific information important for diagnosing uterine disorders. Conventional sonography is an established diagnostic technique in gynecology, but is limited by its inability to image the microvasculature. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), is capable of imaging the microvasculature by means of intravascular contrast agents; that is, gas-filled microbubbles. We provide a literature overview on the use of CEUS in diagnosing myometrial and endometrial disorders, that is, fibroids, adenomyosis, leiomyosarcomas and endometrial carcinomas, as well as for monitoring and enhancing the effectiveness of minimally invasive therapies. A systematic literature search with quality assessment was performed until December 2020. In total 34 studies were included, published between 2007 and 2020.The results entail a description of contrast-enhancement patterns obtained from healthy tissue and from malignant and benign tissue; providing a first base for potential diagnostic differentiation in gynecology. In addition it is also possible to determine the degree of myometrial invasion in case of endometrial carcinoma using CEUS. The effectiveness of minimally invasive therapies for uterine disorders can safely and accurately be assessed with CEUS. In conclusion, the abovementioned applications of CEUS are promising and it is worth further exploring its full potential for gynecology by designing innovative and methodologically high-quality clinical studies.

子宫疾病通常会出现重叠的症状。微脉管系统拥有对于诊断子宫疾病很重要的特定信息。传统超声检查是妇科中一种成熟的诊断技术，但因其无法对微脉管系统成像而受到限制。超声造影（CEUS）能够通过血管内造影剂对微血管系统进行成像；即充满气体的微气泡。我们提供了有关使用 CEUS 诊断子宫肌瘤和子宫内膜疾病（即肌瘤、子宫腺肌病、平滑肌肉瘤和子宫内膜癌）以及监测和增强微创治疗有效性的文献综述。截至 2020 年 12 月，我们进行了系统的文献检索和质量评估。总共纳入了 34 项研究，发表于 2007 年至 2020 年之间。结果需要描述从健康组织以及恶性和良性组织获得的对比增强模式；为妇科潜在的诊断鉴别提供第一个基础。此外，还可以使用CEUS确定子宫内膜癌的子宫肌层浸润程度。通过 CEUS 可以安全、准确地评估微创治疗子宫疾病的有效性。总之，CEUS的上述应用前景广阔，值得通过设计创新且方法学上高质量的临床研究来进一步探索其在妇科领域的全部潜力。