Due to the high penetration of renewable distributed generation (RDG), many issues have become conspicuous during the intentional island operation such as the power mismatch of load shedding during the transition process and the power imbalance during the restoration process. In this paper, a phase measurement unit (PMU) based online load shedding strategy and a conservation voltage reduction (CVR) based multi-period restoration strategy are proposed for the intentional island with RDG. The proposed load shedding strategy, which is driven by the blackout event, consists of the load shedding optimization and correction table. Before the occurrence of the large-scale blackout, the load shedding optimization is solved periodically to obtain the optimal load shedding plan, which meets the dynamic and steady constraints. When the blackout occurs, the correction table updated in real time based on the PMU data is used to modify the load shedding plan to eliminate the power mismatch caused by the fluctuation of RDG. After the system transits to the intentional island seamlessly, multi-period restoration plans are generated to optimize the restoration performance while maintaining power balance until the main grid is repaired. Besides, CVR technology is implemented to restore more loads by regulating load demand. The proposed load shedding optimization and restoration optimization are linearized to mixed-integer quadratic constraint programming (MIQCP) models. The effectiveness of the proposed strategies is verified with the modified IEEE 33-node system on the real-time digital simulation (RTDS) platform.

中文翻译：

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可再生分布式发电的有意岛的减载和恢复

由于可再生分布式发电（RDG）的高普及率，在有意的孤岛运行期间，许多问题变得很突出，例如过渡过程中切负荷的功率失配以及恢复过程中的功率失衡。本文针对带RDG的有意孤岛，提出了一种基于相位测量单元（PMU）的在线减载策略和一种基于保护电压降低（CVR）的多周期恢复策略。由停电事件驱动的提议的减载策略由减载优化和校正表组成。在大规模停电发生之前，应定期解决减载优化问题，以获得满足动态和稳定约束的最优减载计划。停电时 基于PMU数据实时更新的校正表用于修改减载计划，以消除RDG波动引起的功率不匹配。系统无缝过渡到有意孤岛后，将生成多周期恢复计划，以优化恢复性能，同时保持功率平衡，直到修复主电网为止。此外，CVR技术还可以通过调节负载需求来恢复更多负载。将提出的减载优化和恢复优化线性化为混合整数二次约束规划（MIQCP）模型。改进后的IEEE 33节点系统在实时数字仿真（RTDS）平台上验证了所提出策略的有效性。