Abstract

What is the relationship between the state and housing financialisation? Much of the literature describes the state playing a role to promote the regulatory, legislative, and financial conditions needed to allow global financial capital to penetrate land and property markets. I build on these arguments to develop in what ways the state is playing an active role in housing financialisation in Turkey. I suggest that the Turkish national state has deliberately, actively, and forcefully pursued housing financialisation by (i) introducing new legislation; (ii) creating financial frameworks to encourage speculation by domestic and international capital on land and housing as assets (iii) enclosing public land and exploiting informal types of tenure; (iv) assetising land and housing by developing revenue-sharing urban regeneration projects; and (v) using coercive legal and penal force to criminalise informal development, and to quell resistance to state-led regeneration. My conclusions add weight to Christophers’ contention that the role of the state needs to be reconceptualised to capture its direct involvement in housing financialisation.

摘要

国家和住房金融化之间有什么关系？许多文献描述了国家在促进全球金融资本渗透土地和房地产市场所需的监管、立法和金融条件方面发挥的作用。我以这些论点为基础，阐述了国家如何在土耳其的住房金融化中发挥积极作用。我建议土耳其民族国家有意识地、积极地、并通过（i）引入新立法，大力推行住房金融化；(ii) 建立金融框架，鼓励国内和国际资本对土地和住房作为资产进行投机 (iii) 圈占公共土地并利用非正式类型的保有权；(iv) 通过开发收益共享的城市复兴项目将土地和住房资产化；(v) 使用强制性法律和刑事力量将非正规发展定为犯罪，并平息对国家主导的复兴的抵制。我的结论强化了克里斯托弗斯的论点，即国家的角色需要重新概念化，以体现其对住房金融化的直接参与。