Abstract. Glaciers preserve climate variations in their geological and geomorphological records, which makes them prime candidates for climate reconstructions. Investigating the glacier-climate system over the past millennia is particularly relevant because, first, the amplitude and frequency of natural climate variability during the Holocene provides the climatic context against which modern, human-induced climate change must be assessed. Second, the transition from the last glacial to the current interglacial promises important insights into the climate system during warming, which is of particular interest with respect to ongoing climate change. Evidence of stable ice margin positions that record cooling during the past 12 ka are preserved in two glaciated valleys of the Silvretta Massif in the Eastern European Alps, the Jamtal (JAM) and the Laraintal (LAR). We mapped and dated moraines in these catchments including historical ridges using Beryllium-10 Surface Exposure Dating (¹⁰Be SED) techniques, and correlate resulting moraine formation intervals with climate proxy records to evaluate the spatial and temporal scale of these cold phases. The new geochronologies indicate two moraine formation intervals (MFI) during the Early Holocene (EH): 10.8 ± 0.7 ka (n = 9) and 11.2 ± 0.8 ka (n = 12). Boulder ages along historical moraines (n = 6) imply at least two glacier advances during the Little Ice Age (LIA; c. 1250–1850 CE), around 1300 CE and in the second half of the 18^th century. An earlier advance to the same position may have occurred around 500 CE. The Jamtal and Laraintal moraine chronologies provide evidence that millennial scale EH warming was superimposed by centennial scale cooling. The timing of EH moraine formation is contemporaneous with brief temperature drops identified in local and regional paleoproxy records, most prominently with the Preboreal Oscillation (PBO), and is consistent with moraine deposition in other catchments in the European Alps, and in the Arctic region. This consistency points to cooling beyond the local scale and therefore a regional or even hemispheric climate driver. Freshwater input sourced from the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS), which changed circulation patterns in the North Atlantic, is a plausible explanation for EH cooling and moraine formation in the Nordic region and in Europe.

中文翻译：

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全新世早期的寒流及其在东欧阿尔卑斯山冰record记录中的表达

摘要。冰川在其地质和地貌记录中保留了气候变化，这使其成为气候重建的主要候选对象。在过去的几千年中，对冰川-气候系统进行调查尤为重要，因为首先，全新世期间自然气候变化的幅度和频率为必须评估现代人为气候变化的气候环境提供了条件。其次，从最后一个冰川到当前的冰川间的过渡有望对变暖期间的气候系统产生重要的见解，这对于持续的气候变化尤为重要。在东欧阿尔卑斯山的西尔弗雷塔断层块的两个冰川谷中，保存了记录过去12天降温的稳定冰缘位置的证据，Jamtal（JAM）和Laraintal（LAR）。我们使用铍10表面暴露约会（¹⁰ Be SED）技术，并将由此产生的冰ora形成间隔与气候代用记录相关联，以评估这些寒冷阶段的时空尺度。新的地质年代学表明，在全新世（EH）期间有两个冰ora形成间隔（MFI）：10.8±0.7 ka（n = 9）和11.2±0.8 ka（n = 12）。沿着历史碛博尔德年龄（N = 6）意味着小冰期期间至少两个冰川进展（LIA; C。1250至1850年CE），约1300 CE和在18的第二半^个世纪。大约在公元500年左右就已经有可能提前到达同一位置。Jamtal和Laraintal的冰ora年代学提供了证据，表明千年尺度的EH变暖被百年尺度的降温叠加了。EH冰ora形成的时间与局部和区域古过氧化记录中出现的短暂温度下降是同时发生的，最显着的是波前体振荡（PBO），并且与欧洲阿尔卑斯山和北极地区其他流域的冰ora沉积相一致。这种一致性表明降温超出了当地范围，因此导致了区域乃至半球的气候驱动因素。来自劳伦特冰盖（LIS）的淡水输入量，改变了北大西洋的环流模式，