Objectives

Abdominal pain adversely impacts children with functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) or organic gastrointestinal disorders (OGIDs); findings are inconsistent regarding diagnosis and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This study utilizes a positive psychology framework to understand the experience of youth with abdominal pain (i.e., do positive psychological factors, such as optimism and pain self-efficacy, relate to higher HRQoL?). Consistent with a protective factor model of resilience, in which personal assets may serve as buffers between risk factors and negative outcomes, optimism and pain self-efficacy were examined as they relate to HRQoL in youth with abdominal pain. Specifically, exploratory moderational analyses examined a) if optimism and pain self-efficacy moderate the relation between pain and HRQoL, and b) whether diagnostic status moderated the relation between optimism/pain self-efficacy and HRQoL.

Methods

In a cross-sectional, observational study, youth (n = 98; M_age = 13, SD = 3) experiencing abdominal pain related to FGIDs or OGIDs and one of their parents participated. Measures included pain intensity, optimism, pain self-efficacy, and HRQoL. Analyses controlled for diagnosis, age, and gender.

Results

Higher pain and age related to lower HRQoL. Higher levels of optimism and pain self-efficacy associated with HRQoL beyond demographics. Optimism and pain self-efficacy did not moderate the relation between pain and HRQoL. Diagnostic status did not moderate the relation between optimism or pain self-efficacy and HRQoL.

Discussion

Our results suggest positive relations between positive psychological factors (optimism, pain self-efficacy) and HRQoL in youth with abdominal pain. Such factors could be further examined in intervention studies.

中文翻译：

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腹痛青年的健康相关生活质量：乐观和疼痛自我效能的检验

目标

腹痛对患有功能性胃肠病 (FGID) 或器质性胃肠病 (OGID) 的儿童有不利影响；诊断结果和健康相关生活质量 (HRQoL) 不一致。本研究利用积极心理学框架来了解青少年腹痛的经历（即积极的心理因素，如乐观和疼痛自我效能感，是否与更高的 HRQoL 相关？）。与恢复力的保护因素模型一致，其中个人资产可以作为风险因素和负面结果之间的缓冲，乐观和疼痛自我效能被检查，因为它们与腹痛青年的 HRQoL 相关。具体而言，探索性适度分析检查了 a) 如果乐观和疼痛自我效能感缓和了疼痛与 HRQoL 之间的关系，

方法

在一项横断面观察性研究中， 经历与 FGID 或 OGID 相关的腹痛的青年（n  = 98；M_年龄 = 13，SD = 3）及其父母之一参与了研究。测量包括疼痛强度、乐观度、疼痛自我效能和 HRQoL。对诊断、年龄和性别进行控制的分析。

结果

较高的疼痛和年龄与较低的 HRQoL 相关。与人口统计数据之外的 HRQoL 相关的更高水平的乐观和痛苦自我效能。乐观主义和疼痛自我效能感并没有缓和疼痛与 HRQoL 之间的关系。诊断状态并未调节乐观或疼痛自我效能与 HRQoL 之间的关系。

讨论

我们的结果表明，青少年腹痛患者的积极心理因素（乐观、疼痛自我效能）与 HRQoL 之间存在正相关关系。这些因素可以在干预研究中进一步检查。