An electro-active composite based on carbon nanopaper (CNP) shape memory polymer (SMP) composite is proposed for actuating deployment of composite deployable structures. Carbon nanopaper shape memory composites are stimuli-responsive materials that can change between programmed shapes and the original shape by a voltage input. The proposed composite is a sandwich structure where the CNP layer acts as a flexible electrical heater when a voltage difference is applied. The shape change behavior of CNP-SMP composite presents a coupled electrical-thermal-structural problem. This paper presents a combined experimental, numerical, and analytical study of the time-dependent shape programming, stowage, and actuation of the CNP-SMP composite. The governing equations for the multiphysics behavior are derived. Characterization of the electrical and mechanical properties of the materials are carried out and employed in a nonlinear, fully coupled electrical-thermal-structural finite element model. Shape programming, stowage and actuation characteristics of the composite are investigated experimentally under axial loading. An analytical model is derived for the thermo-mechanical behavior of the composite which directly expresses the recovery over time through the creep compliance function. Close correlation is obtained between experimental measurements and numerical simulations. The proposed model can accurately predict the load and shape characteristics throughout programming, stowage, and actuation.

提出了一种基于碳纳米纸（CNP）形状记忆聚合物（SMP）复合材料的电活性复合材料，用于驱动复合材料可展开结构的展开。碳纳米纸形状记忆复合材料是刺激响应性材料，可以通过输入电压在编程形状和原始形状之间变化。所提出的复合材料是一种夹心结构，其中当施加电压差时，CNP层充当柔性电加热器。CNP-SMP复合材料的形状变化行为提出了一个耦合的电热结构问题。本文介绍了CNP-SMP复合材料随时间变化的形状编程，存放和驱动的综合实验，数值和分析研究。推导了多物理场行为的控制方程。对材料的电气和机械性能进行了表征，并在非线性，完全耦合的电热结构有限元模型中进行了表征。在轴向载荷下，通过实验研究了复合材料的形状编程，积载和致动特性。推导了复合材料热力学行为的分析模型，该模型通过蠕变柔度函数直接表示随时间的恢复。在实验测量和数值模拟之间获得了密切的相关性。所提出的模型可以在整个编程，积载和驱动过程中准确预测载荷和形状特征。在轴向载荷下，通过实验研究了复合材料的积载和致动特性。得出了复合材料热机械行为的分析模型，该模型通过蠕变柔度函数直接表示随时间的恢复。在实验测量和数值模拟之间获得了密切的相关性。所提出的模型可以在整个编程，积载和驱动过程中准确预测载荷和形状特征。在轴向载荷下，通过实验研究了复合材料的积载和致动特性。推导了复合材料热力学行为的分析模型，该模型通过蠕变柔度函数直接表示随时间的恢复。在实验测量和数值模拟之间获得了密切的相关性。所提出的模型可以在整个编程，积载和驱动过程中准确预测载荷和形状特征。在实验测量和数值模拟之间获得了密切的相关性。所提出的模型可以在整个编程，积载和驱动过程中准确预测载荷和形状特征。在实验测量和数值模拟之间获得了密切的相关性。所提出的模型可以在编程，积载和驱动过程中准确预测载荷和形状特征。