ABSTRACT

In this study, effects of foliar Zn sprays at different periods on yield, fruit quality attributes, bioactive compounds and micro-macro elements of ‘Granny Smith’ (Malus x domestica Borkh.) apples grafted on MM111 rootstocks were investigated. Experimental treatments were arranged as control (without Zn sprays), Zn-1 [Zn sprays 1 month after full bloom (when the fruit had a size of a walnut)], Zn-2 (Zn sprays 1 and 2 months after full bloom) and Zn-3 (Zn sprays 1, 2 and 3 months after full bloom). Experimental trees were sprayed with 0.2% Zn (ZnSO₄.7H₂O). Compared to control, Zn sprays increased yields. SSC values of Zn-2 and Zn-3 treatments were lower than the control and Zn-1 treatments. The total phenolics and total flavonoids of Zn-treated fruit were lower than the control fruit. The greatest vitamin C and antioxidant activity were obtained from Zn-2 and Zn-3 treatments, respectively. Zn-2 and Zn-3 treatments had greater zinc and phosphorus concentrations than the control treatments and Zn-sprayed fruit had greater nitrogen and potassium concentrations than the control fruit.

It was concluded based on present findings that Zn treatments could be used as an effective tool to increase yield, antioxidant activity and mineral elements of ‘Granny Smith’ apples.

摘要

在这项研究中，研究了在不同时期叶面喷锌对嫁接到MM111砧木上的'Granny Smith'（Malus x domestica Borkh。）苹果的产量，果实品质属性，生物活性化合物和微宏元素的影响。安排了实验处理作为对照（无锌喷雾剂），Zn-1 [盛开后1个月的锌喷雾剂（当果实具有核桃大小时）]，Zn-2（盛开后1个月和2个月的锌喷雾剂）和Zn-3（盛开后的1、2和3个月喷锌）。用0.2％的Zn（ZnSO ₄ .7H ₂O）。与对照相比，锌喷雾增加了产量。Zn-2和Zn-3处理的SSC值低于对照和Zn-1处理。锌处理过的水果的总酚和总黄酮低于对照水果。分别从Zn-2和Zn-3处理中获得最大的维生素C和抗氧化活性。Zn-2和Zn-3处理比对照处理具有更高的锌和磷浓度，而喷锌的果实比对照处理具有更高的氮和钾浓度。

根据目前的发现得出结论，锌处理可以用作提高'Granny Smith'苹果产量，抗氧化活性和矿质元素的有效工具。