The Ba₁₂ReNb₉O₃₆ (ReYb, Ce, Tm, Er, Y, Ho, Dy, Gd) ceramics are synthesized by solid-phase reaction method. The phase composition, crystal structure, microstructure, and microwave dielectric properties of the ceramics are investigated by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectrum. The optimal microwave dielectric properties (ε_r = 37.23, Q × f = 36600 GHz, and τ_f = 34 ppm/°C) are obtained for Ba₁₂YbNb₉O₃₆ ceramic sintered at 1420 °C for 6 h. In this system, the variation of dielectric constant is dominated by polarizability. The Q × f is mainly affected by internal strain/fluctuation of d-spacing. The variation of τ_f is related to the temperature coefficient of dielectric constant and the oxygen octahedron distortion. Furthermore, the reduction of Ce⁴⁺ ions, the relative density, linear thermal expansion coefficient, and the second phase are also important factors affecting microwave dielectric properties.

Ba ₁₂ ReNb ₉ O ₃₆ (Re Yb, Ce, Tm, Er, Y, Ho, Dy, Gd)陶瓷采用固相反应法合成。通过X射线衍射、X射线光电子能谱、扫描电子显微镜和拉曼光谱研究了陶瓷的相组成、晶体结构、微观结构和微波介电性能。 Ba ₁₂ YbNb ₉ O ₃₆的最佳微波介电特性（ε _r  = 37.23，Q × f = 36600 GHz，τ _f = 34 ppm/°C）陶瓷在 1420 °C 下烧结 6 小时。在该系统中，介电常数的变化主要由极化率决定。Q × f 主要受 d 间距的内部应变/波动的影响。τ _f的变化与介电常数的温度系数和氧八面体畸变有关。此外，Ce ⁴⁺离子的减少、相对密度、线性热膨胀系数和第二相也是影响微波介电性能的重要因素。