Radio frequency identification (RFID) is becoming one of the best optimistic technology in the area of ubiquitous computing that plays the most crucial role in object identification as a ubiquitous infrastructure. Indeed, an important role of RFID technology is to provide wireless communication between the RFID tags and readers without line-of-sight (LoS) readability. The tags store the sensitive information of an object or thing in RFID systems. The reader reads and writes data, while the backend server stores the information sent by the readers through radio frequency signals. Moreover, the reader collects data from the distinct tags and broadcasts them, and then sends it to the server for further processing. However, security and privacy is a key concern in RFID systems, where an adversary may perform several types of security attacks. To overcome such issues, we have proposed a novel vector-space-based lightweight RFID authentication protocol which integrates the concept of vector space, basis, and linear mapping in this paper that achieves secure authentication. The security analysis has been done that demonstrates the proposed protocol provides resistance to various known attacks. The performance analysis shows the less computation cost associated with the tags, less storage, and communication overhead as well. The proposed protocol provides higher security with lesser cost and shows suitability for low-cost RFID systems.

射频识别（RFID）正在成为普适计算领域中最好的乐观技术之一，它在作为普适基础结构的对象识别中起着至关重要的作用。实际上，RFID技术的重要作用是在RFID标签和读取器之间提供无线通信，而不会产生视线（LoS）可读性。标签将物体或物体的敏感信息存储在RFID系统中。读取器读取和写入数据，而后端服务器存储读取器通过射频信号发送的信息。此外，读取器从不同的标签收集数据并进行广播，然后将其发送到服务器以进行进一步处理。但是，安全性和保密性是RFID系统中的关键问题，在该系统中，攻击者可能执行几种类型的安全攻击。为了克服这些问题，我们提出了一种新颖的基于矢量空间的轻型RFID认证协议，该协议融合了矢量空间，基础和线性映射的概念，从而实现了安全认证。已经进行了安全分析，证明了所提出的协议可以抵抗各种已知的攻击。性能分析显示，与标签相关的计算成本更低，存储空间也更少，通信开销也更大。所提出的协议以较低的成本提供了更高的安全性，并显示了其对低成本RFID系统的适用性。已经进行了安全分析，证明了所提出的协议可以抵抗各种已知的攻击。性能分析显示，与标签相关的计算成本更低，存储空间也更少，通信开销也更大。所提出的协议以较低的成本提供了更高的安全性，并显示了其对低成本RFID系统的适用性。已经进行了安全分析，证明了所提出的协议可以抵抗各种已知的攻击。性能分析显示，与标签相关的计算成本更低，存储空间也更少，通信开销也更大。所提出的协议以较低的成本提供了更高的安全性，并显示了其对低成本RFID系统的适用性。