Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) describes deliberate self-destructive behaviors without the intention to die. Little is known about what factors contribute to NSSI especially among youth. The current study tested two conceptual models for how chronic interpersonal stress and rumination may contribute to NSSI engagement across 18 months in a community sample of youth: (1) a mediation pathway based on the Emotional Cascade Model (i.e., stress contributes to rumination and then to subsequent NSSI), and (2) a moderation model based on the cognitive vulnerability-stress framework (i.e., rumination moderates the relation between stress and NSSI). 516 youth aged 7–16 (M_age = 12.0; 56% female; 90% Non-Hispanic or Non-Latinx) reported on ongoing interpersonal stress occurring between T1-T2 (every 6 months from T1 to 12 months) via the Youth Life Stress Interview, rumination via the Children’s Response Styles Questionnaire (at T1 and 18 months later, T2), and NSSI engagement every six months from 18 to 36 months (T2-T3) via the Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview. Interpersonal stress predicted later rumination (b = .43, p < .01), rumination forecasted later NSSI occurrence (OR = 1.06, p < .01), and mediation was supported via a significant indirect effect of interpersonal stress on NSSI through rumination (b = .03, 95% CI = .01, .07). Rumination did not significantly moderate the relation between stress and NSSI. The prospective relation between chronic interpersonal stress and NSSI engagement was partly explained by rumination, aligning with the Emotional Cascade Model’s prediction that rumination contributes to NSSI. Youth may conduct NSSI to interrupt rumination elicited by chronic interpersonal stress.

非自杀性自残（NSSI）描述了故意的自毁行为，无意死亡。关于哪些因素对NSSI的影响知之甚少，尤其是在年轻人中。当前的研究测试了两个概念模型，以研究慢性人际压力和反刍如何在整个青年社区样本中的18个月内促进NSSI的参与：（1）基于情绪级联模型的调解途径（即压力促成反刍，然后到随后的NSSI），以及（2）基于认知脆弱性-压力框架的调节模型（即反省可以缓解压力与NSSI之间的关系）。516位7-16_岁的青年（男） = 12.0; 女性56％；90％的非西班牙裔或非拉丁裔通过青年生活压力访谈报道了在T1-T2之间（从T1到12个月每6个月）持续发生人际压力，通过儿童反应风格问卷（在T1和18个月）进行了反思。随后的T2）和NSSI通过自伤思想和行为访谈从18到36个月（T2-T3）每六个月进行一次互动。人际压力预测了以后的反省（b  = .43 ，p  <.01），反省预测了以后的NSSI发生（OR  = 1.06，p  <.01），并且通过反刍，人际压力对NSSI的显着间接影响支持了调解（b  = .03，95 ％CI = .01，.07）。反思并没有显着缓解压力与NSSI之间的关系。长期的人际关系压力与NSSI参与之间的前瞻性关系部分由反省来解释，这与情绪级联模型的预测-反省对NSSI有所贡献的预测相一致。年轻人可能会进行NSSI来中断由慢性人际压力引起的沉思。