Downhole near-bit vibration sensors are used to record the pilot signal for seismic while drilling and identify drilling dysfunctions for drilling optimization. The typical downhole sensor is a memory-based device with an inexpensive internal clock of limited accuracy that is not synchronized to surface data. Integrating downhole vibrations with other time-based data such as surface drilling parameters or seismic recordings requires accurate time alignment between all data sets. We present a novel automated two-step alignment procedure that uses a Global Positioning System-synchronized top-drive vibration sensor as a reference. The accuracy of the new method satisfies the most demanding requirements of seismic while drilling. The first step finds the delay time and linear drift using global optimization. The second step estimates nonlinear drift using time-variant cross-correlation. Alignment precision of a few seconds after the first step becomes a few milliseconds after the second step, as demanded by seismic-while-drilling. The field data example shows that the proposed methodology successfully aligns top-drive and downhole data using a fully unsynchronized near-bit vibration data set. After alignment, the near-bit sensor delivers a usable pilot for seismic-while-drilling processing, resulting in better quality correlated seismic data than those obtained with the top-drive surface pilot.

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研究报告：近钻头和顶驱振动传感器的自动数据驱动对准，用于随钻及以后的地震

井下近钻头振动传感器用于记录随钻地震的先导信号并识别钻井功能障碍以优化钻井。典型的井下传感器是一种基于存储器的设备，其内部时钟价格低廉，精度有限，与地面数据不同步。将井下振动与其他基于时间的数据（例如地面钻井参数或地震记录）集成需要所有数据集之间的准确时间对齐。我们提出了一种新颖的自动两步对齐程序，该程序使用全球定位系统同步的顶驱振动传感器作为参考。新方法的精度满足了随钻地震最苛刻的要求。第一步使用全局优化找到延迟时间和线性漂移。第二步使用时变互相关估计非线性漂移。根据随钻地震的要求，第一步后几秒的对准精度变为第二步后几毫秒。现场数据示例表明，所提出的方法使用完全不同步的近钻头振动数据集成功地对齐了顶部驱动和井下数据。对准后，近钻头传感器为随钻地震处理提供可用的引导，从而产生比顶部驱动地面引导获得的质量更好的相关地震数据。现场数据示例表明，所提出的方法使用完全不同步的近钻头振动数据集成功地对齐了顶部驱动和井下数据。对准后，近钻头传感器为随钻地震处理提供可用的引导，从而产生比顶部驱动地面引导获得的质量更好的相关地震数据。现场数据示例表明，所提出的方法使用完全不同步的近钻头振动数据集成功地对齐了顶部驱动和井下数据。对准后，近钻头传感器为随钻地震处理提供可用的引导，从而产生比顶部驱动地面引导获得的质量更好的相关地震数据。