The paper describes the potato parental line breeding programme developed in Poland from the 1960s. The aim of the programme was to create parental forms useful for speeding up the breeding of new potato varieties and getting higher efficiency in directed selection for desired traits. The programme introduced new sources of resistance and quality traits into the Polish breeding pool by conducting research and breeding of tetraploid and diploid parental lines. The programme had significant impact on potato breeding, with 72 Polish potato varieties originating from crossings involving parental lines. These varieties show higher levels of resistance to major pathogens of potato crops, including resistance to Potato virus Y and late blight in starch group. Besides the direct impact on potato breeding, the programme was the stimulus for developing studies focused on potato genotype.

本文介绍了1960年代在波兰制定的马铃薯育种系育种计划。该计划的目的是创建育种形式，以加速新马铃薯品种的育种并在针对性状的定向选择中获得更高的效率。该计划通过进行四倍体和二倍体亲本系的研究和育种，将新的抗性和品质性状来源引入了波兰的育种库。该计划对马铃薯育种产生了重大影响，有72个波兰马铃薯变种来自涉及亲本的杂交。这些品种显示出对马铃薯农作物主要病原体的较高抗性，包括对马铃薯Y病毒和淀粉组晚疫病的抗性。除了对马铃薯育种有直接影响外，