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Untargeted Metabolomic Analyses Reveal Chemical Complexity of Dioecious Cannabis Flowers
Australian Journal of Chemistry ( IF 1.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-21 , DOI: 10.1071/ch21033
Matthew T. Welling , Myrna A. Deseo , Antony Bacic , Monika S. Doblin

Cannabis is a mostly dioecious multi-use flowering plant genus. Sexual dimorphism is an important characteristic in Cannabis-based commercial production systems, which has consequences for fibre, seed, and the yield of secondary metabolites, such as phytocannabinoid and terpenes for therapeutic uses. Beyond the obvious morphological differences between male and female plants, metabolic variation among dioecious flowers is largely undefined. Here, we report a pilot metabolomic study comparing staminate (male) and pistillate (female) unisexual flowers. Enrichment of the α-linolenic acid pathway and consensus evaluation of the jasmonic acid (JA) related compound 12-oxo-phytodienoicacid (OPDA) among differentially abundant metabolites suggests that oxylipin signalling is associated with secondary metabolism and sex expression in female flowers. Several putative phytocannabinoid-like compounds were observed to be upregulated in female flowers, but full identification was not possible due to the limitation of available databases. Targeted analysis of 14 phytocannabinoids using certified reference standards (cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), cannabidiol (CBD), Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid A (Δ9-THCAA), Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), cannabichromenic acid (CBCA), cannabichromene (CBC), cannabigerolic acid (CBGA), cannabigerol (CBG), cannabinolic acid (CBNA), cannabinol (CBN), cannabidivarinic acid (CBDVA), cannabidivarin (CBDV), tetrahydrocannabivarinic acid (THCVA), and tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV)) showed a higher total phytocannabinoid content in female flowers compared with the male flowers, as expected. In summary, the development of a phytocannabinoid-specific accurate-mass MSn fragmentation spectral library and gene pool representative metabolome has the potential to improve small molecule compound annotation and accelerate understanding of metabolic variation underlying phenotypic diversity in Cannabis.



中文翻译:

靶向代谢组学分析揭示了雌雄异体的大麻花的化学复杂性

大麻是一种多数雌雄异株的多用途开花植物属。性二态性是大麻的重要特征的商业化生产系统,会对纤维,种子和次生代谢产物(如植物用大麻素和萜烯)的使用产生影响。除了雄性和雌性植物之间明显的形态差异外,雌雄异体的花之间的代谢变化在很大程度上还不确定。在这里,我们报告了比较单性(雄性)和雌性(雌性)雌雄异体花的初步代谢组学研究。α-亚麻酸途径的富集和茉莉酸(JA)相关化合物12-氧代-植物二烯酸(OPDA)的差异富集代谢产物的共有评价表明,脂蛋白信号传导与雌花的次生代谢和性别表达有关。观察到几种假定的植物大麻素样化合物在雌花中被上调,但是由于可用数据库的限制,无法完全识别。使用认证的参考标准品(大麻二酚酸(CBDA),大麻二酚(CBD),Δ9-四氢大麻酚A(Δ9-THCAA),Δ9-四氢大麻酚(Δ9-THC),大麻二烯酸(CBCA),大麻二烯(CBCA),大麻二烯(CBCA),大麻二烯(CBCA) ),大麻二酚酸(CBGA),大麻二酚(CBG),大麻酚酸(CBNA),大麻酚(CBN),大麻二炔酸(CBDVA),大麻素(CBDV),四氢大麻二酸(THCVA)和四氢大麻酚(THCV)如预期的那样,雌花与雄花相比的总植物大麻素含量。总之,植物大麻素特有的精确质量质谱的发展 使用认证的参考标准品(大麻二酚酸(CBDA),大麻二酚(CBD),Δ9-四氢大麻酚A(Δ9-THCAA),Δ9-四氢大麻酚(Δ9-THC),大麻二烯酸(CBCA),大麻二烯(CBCA),大麻二烯(CBCA),大麻二烯(CBCA) ),大麻二酚酸(CBGA),大麻二酚(CBG),大麻酚酸(CBNA),大麻酚(CBN),大麻二炔酸(CBDVA),大麻素(CBDV),四氢大麻二酸(THCVA)和四氢大麻酚(THCV)如预期的那样,雌花与雄花相比的总植物大麻素含量。总之,植物大麻素特有的精确质量质谱的发展 使用认证的参考标准品(大麻二酚酸(CBDA),大麻二酚(CBD),Δ9-四氢大麻酚A(Δ9-THCAA),Δ9-四氢大麻酚(Δ9-THC),大麻二烯酸(CBCA),大麻二烯(CBCA),大麻二烯(CBCA),大麻二烯(CBCA) ),大麻二酚酸(CBGA),大麻二酚(CBG),大麻酚酸(CBNA),大麻酚(CBN),大麻二炔酸(CBDVA),大麻素(CBDV),四氢大麻二酸(THCVA)和四氢大麻酚(THCV)如预期的那样,雌花与雄花相比的总植物大麻素含量。总之,植物大麻素特有的精确质量质谱的发展 大麻二烯(CBC),大麻二酚酸(CBGA),大麻二酚(CBG),大麻酚(CBNA),大麻酚(CBN),大麻二炔酸(CBDVA),大麻素(CBDV),四氢大麻二酸(THCVA)和四氢大麻酚如预期的那样,在雌花中显示出比雄花更高的总植物大麻素含量。总之,植物大麻素特有的精确质量质谱的发展 大麻二烯(CBC),大麻二酚酸(CBGA),大麻二酚(CBG),大麻酚(CBNA),大麻酚(CBN),大麻二炔酸(CBDVA),大麻素(CBDV),四氢大麻二酸(THCVA)和四氢大麻酚如预期的那样,在雌花中显示出比雄花更高的总植物大麻素含量。总之,植物大麻素特有的精确质量质谱的发展n片段化谱库和基因库代表性代谢组具有改善小分子化合物注释和加速了解大麻表型多样性潜在的代谢变异的潜力。

更新日期:2021-05-22
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