This study presents an integrated off-ramp control model that incorporates the impact of ramp queue spillback on the freeway mainline in design of the off-ramp intersection’s signal plan. The proposed model consists of a mesoscopic traffic module to capture the complex interrelations between the freeway mainline’s traffic state and the lane-changing maneuvers triggered by off-ramp queue spillback, and a local signal optimization module to maximize the total benefit for both the freeway and intersection in the vicinity of an interchange. Using the simulation–optimization solution logic, the proposed model will first estimate the off-ramp queue length, produced from the signal module, to assess the resulting impacts on the freeway mainline, and then feed such impacts back to the control objective to iteratively search for the optimal cycle length and phase durations with the genetic algorithm. To assess the effectiveness of the proposed model, this study has conducted a two-stage evaluation, where the first stage uses the extensive field data to confirm the reliability of its freeway queue impact module and the second stage focuses on evaluating the benefits of accounting for the queue impacts on the freeway in design of the off-ramp signal plan under various traffic scenarios. The results from extensive tests have confirmed that the proposed model can effectively minimize the likelihood of causing off-ramp queues to spill back to the freeway mainline, and the failing to incorporate such impacts in design of the off-ramp signal will contribute significantly to the formation of freeway bottlenecks in the interchange area.

这项研究提出了一个集成的匝道外控制模型，该模型在匝道交叉路口的信号方案设计中纳入了匝道排队溢出对高速公路干线上的影响。所提出的模型包括一个介观交通模块，该模块捕获高速公路主干线交通状态与匝道外排队溢出触发的换道操作之间的复杂相互关系，以及一个局部信号优化模块，以最大化高速公路和高速公路的总收益。交汇处附近的交叉路口。使用仿真优化解决方案逻辑，建议的模型将首先估算信号模块产生的匝道外排队长度，以评估对高速公路干线的最终影响，然后将这些影响反馈给控制目标，以利用遗传算法迭代地搜索最佳周期长度和相位持续时间。为了评估所提出模型的有效性，本研究进行了两个阶段的评估，其中第一阶段使用广泛的现场数据来确认其高速公路排队影响模块的可靠性，第二阶段着重于评估会计核算的好处。在各种交通情况下，排队都会影响高速公路的匝道信号计划设计。大量测试的结果已经证实，该模型可以有效地降低导致匝道队列溢出回到高速公路干线的可能性，