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The human symbiont Mucispirillum schaedleri : causality in health and disease
Medical Microbiology and Immunology ( IF 5.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-22 , DOI: 10.1007/s00430-021-00702-9
Simone Herp 1 , Abilash Chakravarthy Durai Raj 1 , Marta Salvado Silva 1 , Simon Woelfel 1 , Bärbel Stecher 1
Affiliation  

Trillions of bacteria inhabit the mammalian gastrointestinal tract. In the majority of hosts, these symbionts contribute largely to beneficial functions promoting microbe-host homeostasis. However, an increasing number of human diseases is associated with altered microbiota composition and enrichment of certain bacterial species. A well-known example of this is Mucispirillum schaedleri, which has been associated with inflammatory conditions in the intestine. Mucispirillum spp. belong to the phylum Deferribacteres and are prevalent but low abundant members of the rodent, pig and human microbiota. Recently, M. schaedleri was causally linked to the development of Crohn’s disease—like colitis in immunodeficient mice. While this study certifies a considerable pathogenic potential, the same organism can also promote health in the immunocompetent host: M. schaedleri protects from Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Tm)-induced colitis by interfering with the expression of the pathogen´s invasion machinery. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the mammalian gut symbiont M. schaedleri and its role in intestinal homeostasis and discuss open questions and perspectives for future research.



中文翻译:

人类共生体 Mucispirillum schaedleri:健康与疾病的因果关系

数以万亿计的细菌栖息在哺乳动物的胃肠道中。在大多数宿主中,这些共生体在很大程度上有助于促进微生物-宿主稳态的有益功能。然而,越来越多的人类疾病与微生物群组成的改变和某些细菌物种的富集有关。一个众所周知的例子是Mucispirillum schaedleri,它与肠道炎症有关。粘螺菌属 属于去铁杆菌门,是啮齿动物、猪和人类微生物群中普遍但丰度低的成员。最近,M. schaedleri与克罗恩病的发展有因果关系,如免疫缺陷小鼠的结肠炎。虽然这项研究证明了相当大的致病潜力,但同样的生物体也可以促进免疫活性宿主的健康:M. schaedleri通过干扰病原体入侵机制的表达来保护肠道沙门氏菌鼠伤寒沙门氏菌 ( S. Tm) 诱导的结肠炎. 在这篇综述中,我们总结了目前关于哺乳动物肠道共生体M. schaedleri及其在肠道稳态中的作用的知识,并讨论了未来研究的开放性问题和前景。

更新日期:2021-05-22
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