Reversible data hiding generally exploits the redundancy of the cover medium and prediction-error expansion (PEE) has become the most effective mechanism. However, although the pairwise PEE technique has been proposed to jointly modify the prediction-errors to achieve less degradation, there is still room for improvement. In this paper, a dual pairwise PEE strategy is proposed to fully exploit the potential of pairwise PEE. The key observation behind dual pairwise PEE lies in that most capacity is provided by individually expanding only one pairing error. For such separable error-pairs, we propose to recalculate and collect the rest pairing error to form an error sequence after shifting any one pairing error. Next, by considering every two neighboring errors of the sequence together, a new set of error-pairs for double pairwise PEE can be obtained. Compared with original pairwise PEE, dual pairwise PEE significantly better exploits the correlation of errors such that it leads to better capacity-distortion performance. Experimental results also demonstrate that the proposed scheme outperforms several state-of-the-art schemes.

中文翻译：

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基于双重成对预测误差扩展的可逆数据隐藏

可逆数据隐藏通常利用覆盖介质的冗余，而预测错误扩展（PEE）已成为最有效的机制。然而，尽管已经提出了成对的PEE技术来共同修改预测误差以实现较少的劣化，但是仍然存在改进的空间。本文提出了一种双成对的PEE策略，以充分利用成对的PEE的潜力。双重成对PEE背后的主要观察结果在于，大多数容量是通过单独扩展一个配对错误来提供的。对于这种可分离的错误对，我们建议在移动任何一个配对错误后重新计算并收集其余的配对错误，以形成一个错误序列。接下来，通过一起考虑序列的每两个相邻错误，可以获得用于双成对PEE的一组新的错误对。与原始的成对PEE相比，双成对PEE可以更好地利用错误的相关性，从而带来更好的容量失真性能。实验结果还表明，提出的方案优于几种最新方案。