Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is most likely to damage the central nervous system (CNS) during early embryonic development; however, the early neurodevelopmental abnormalities caused by HCMV infection and the regulation of cytokines remain unclear. Therefore, we investigated neuronal factors in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of newborns infected with HCMV using protein microarray technology with a view to elucidating the changes in specific neuronal factors for use in the development of a reliable index for predicting CNS injury caused by HCMV infection. Serum and CSF were collected from four newborns with HCMV infection and CNS injury (HCMV-infected group) and from four newborns without CNS infection (control group). A protein microarray containing 29 kinds of CNS-related cytokines was used to identify differentially expressed neuronal factors in the serum and CSF of the HCMV-infected and control groups. The levels of the differentially expressed proteins were verified further in 30 CSF samples from an HCMV-infected group using enzyme-linkedimmunosorbent assay (ELISA). Between newborns in the HCMV-infected and control groups, the protein microarray analysis identified three differentially expressed neurotrophic factors in the CSF samples: Acrp30, MMP-3, and interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1α). No differential cytokine expression was seen in the serum. ELISA showed significantly higher expression levels of Acrp30 and MMP-3 in the CSF of the 30 newborns with HCMV infection and CNS injury than in those in the control group, whereas the expression of IL-1α was significantly lower. Our results demonstrate that changes in the expression levels of Acrp30, MMP-3, and IL-1α in the CSF of newborns infected with HCMV may be related to the pathogenesis of CNS infection.

中文翻译：

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人巨细胞病毒感染新生儿血清和脑脊液中神经营养因子水平

人类巨细胞病毒 (HCMV) 在早期胚胎发育过程中最有可能损害中枢神经系统 (CNS)；然而，HCMV感染引起的早期神经发育异常和细胞因子的调节尚不清楚。因此，我们使用蛋白质微阵列技术研究了感染 HCMV 的新生儿的血清和脑脊液 (CSF) 中的神经元因子，以期阐明特定神经元因子的变化，以用于开发预测由 HCMV 引起的中枢神经系统损伤的可靠指标。 HCMV 感染。从 4 名 HCMV 感染和 CNS 损伤的新生儿（HCMV 感染组）和 4 名未感染 CNS 的新生儿（对照组）收集血清和脑脊液。使用含有 29 种 CNS 相关细胞因子的蛋白质微阵列来鉴定 HCMV 感染组和对照组的血清和脑脊液中差异表达的神经元因子。使用酶联免疫吸附试验 (ELISA) 在来自 HCMV 感染组的 30 份 CSF 样品中进一步验证了差异表达蛋白的水平。在 HCMV 感染组和对照组的新生儿之间，蛋白质微阵列分析确定了脑脊液样本中三种差异表达的神经营养因子：Acrp30、MMP-3 和白细胞介素-1 α (IL-1α)。在血清中未观察到差异细胞因子表达。ELISA显示30例HCMV感染合并CNS损伤的新生儿脑脊液中Acrp30和MMP-3的表达水平显着高于对照组，而IL-1α的表达显着降低。我们的研究结果表明感染HCMV的新生儿脑脊液中Acrp30、MMP-3和IL-1α表达水平的变化可能与CNS感染的发病机制有关。