Neurocutaneous syndromes are a group of genetic disorders affecting the skin, the central and peripheral nervous system, and the eye with congenital abnormalities and/or tumors. Manifestations may also involve the heart, vessels, lungs, kidneys, endocrine glands and bones. When people with these disorders are portrayed in works of art, physicians have speculated on possible diagnoses. In particular, many figures have been labeled as possibly having a neurocutaneous disorder, sometimes distorting the popular conception of these diseases. We review numerous documents, drawings, prints, lithographs, xylographs, and portraits which span the ages from antiquity to the era of the pioneers behind the eponyms, depicting a large spectrum of neurocutaneous disorders.

中文翻译：

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艺术和古物中的神经皮肤综合征

神经皮肤综合征是一组影响皮肤、中枢和外周神经系统以及具有先天性异常和/或肿瘤的眼睛的遗传性疾病。表现还可能涉及心脏、血管、肺、肾脏、内分泌腺和骨骼。当在艺术作品中描绘患有这些疾病的人时，医生会推测可能的诊断。特别是，许多人物被标记为可能患有神经皮肤疾病，有时会扭曲这些疾病的流行概念。我们回顾了许多文件、图纸、版画、石版画、木版画和肖像画，它们跨越了从古代到同名背后的先驱时代的各个时代，描绘了大量的神经皮肤疾病。