This study examined children's duration of attention to negative emotions (i.e., anger, sadness, fear) as a mediator of associations among maternal and paternal unsupportive parenting and children's externalizing symptoms in a sample of 240 mothers, fathers, and their preschool children (Mage = 4.64 years). The multimethod, multi-informant design consisted of three annual measurement occasions. Analysis of maternal and paternal unsupportive parenting as predictors in latent difference changes in children's affect-biased attention and behavior problems indicated that children's attention to negative emotions mediated the specific association between maternal unsupportive parenting and children's subsequent increases in externalizing symptoms. Maternal unsupportive parenting at Wave 1 predicted decreases in children's attention to negative facial expressions of adults from Wave 1 to 2. Reductions in children's attention to negative emotion, in turn, predicted increases in their externalizing symptoms from Wave 1 to 3. Additional tests of children's fearful distress and hostile responses to parental conflict as explanatory mechanisms revealed that increases in children's fearful distress reactivity from Wave 1 to 2 accounted for the association between maternal unsupportive parenting and concomitant decreases in their attention to negative emotions. Results are discussed in the context of information processing models of family adversity and developmental psychopathology.

这项研究以 240 名母亲、父亲及其学龄前儿童为样本，调查了儿童对负面情绪（即愤怒、悲伤、恐惧）的关注持续时间，作为母亲和父亲不支持养育与儿童外化症状之间关联的中介。= 4.64 年）。多方法、多线人设计包括三个年度测量场合。母亲和父亲不支持的养育作为儿童情感偏向注意力和行为问题潜在差异变化的预测因子的分析表明，儿童对负面情绪的关注介导了母亲不支持的养育与儿童随后外化症状增加之间的特定关联。第 1 波母亲不支持的养育方式预测，从第 1 波到第 2 波，儿童对成人负面面部表情的关注会减少。反过来，儿童对负面情绪的关注减少，预示着从第 1 波到第 3 波，他们的外化症状会增加。对儿童的额外测试' 作为解释机制的儿童对父母冲突的恐惧痛苦和敌对反应表明，从第 1 波到第 2 波，儿童恐惧痛苦反应的增加解释了母亲不支持的养育与伴随的对负面情绪的关注减少之间的关联。结果在家庭逆境和发展精神病理学的信息处理模型的背景下进行了讨论。