Two studies were conducted to determine the effect of the supplementation of sugar, starch or both on feed, nutrient and energy intake and total tract digestibility in four adult female addax (Addax nasomaculatus) and four adult male Reeves's muntjac (Muntiacus reevesi) – representatives of grazing and browsing ruminants, respectively. Studies in both species were conducted according to 4 × 4 Latin Square Design. Animals had free access to meadow hay (addax) or dehydrated chopped lucerne (muntjac), and were fed a restricted amount of a ‘basal diet’ consisting of: (1) wheat bran; (2) wheat bran and sucrose (source of sugar); (3) wheat bran and wheat (source of starch); or (4) wheat bran, sucrose and wheat. The amounts of supplemental sucrose and wheat were set to account for 2% and 15%, respectively, of dry matter (DM) consumed. There was no effect of the ~2% sugar supplementation on DM intake of hay by addax, while the ~10% starch supplementation reduced DM intake of hay by 13% (p < 0.01); total DM intake (of hay and the basal diet) was not affected neither by sugar nor starch supplementation. When the diet for addax included wheat, this resulted in a greater intake of crude protein by 15%, lower intake of ADF by 9%, and greater crude protein digestibility by 10% (p ≤ 0.05). The ~2% sugar supplementation did not affect intake of lucerne and total DM intake by muntjac, but the ~10% starch supplementation decreased DM intake of lucerne by 25% (p < 0.01), total DM intake by 7% (p = 0.02) and intake of all nutrients (p ≤ 0.10). In summary, if high intake of roughages by captive ruminants is fundamental for their gastrointestinal functions and health, then starchy feeds supplementation should be limited, as they have an especially negative impact on roughage intake.

中文翻译：

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糖和淀粉补充剂对阿达克斯 (Addax nasomaculatus) 和里夫斯麂 (Muntiacus reevesi) 的采食量和养分消化率的影响

进行了两项研究，以确定添加糖、淀粉或两者对饲料、营养和能量摄入以及四只成年雌性麂 ( Addax nasomaculatus ) 和四只成年雄性里夫斯麂 ( Muntiacus reevesi )的影响——分别代表放牧和觅食反刍动物。这两个物种的研究都是根据 4 × 4 拉丁方设计进行的。动物可以自由获取草甸干草 (addax) 或脱水切碎的苜蓿 (muntjac)，并喂食有限量的“基础日粮”，包括： (1) 麦麸；(2) 麦麸和蔗糖（糖的来源）；(3) 麦麸和小麦（淀粉的来源）；(4)麦麸、蔗糖和小麦。补充蔗糖和小麦的量分别设定为消耗的干物质 (DM) 的 2% 和 15%。添加约 2% 的糖对 addax 干草的 DM 摄入量没有影响，而添加约 10% 的淀粉使干草的 DM 摄入量减少了 13% ( p < 0.01); DM 总摄入量（干草和基础饮食）不受糖和淀粉补充的影响。当 addax 的饮食包括小麦时，这导致粗蛋白摄入量增加 15%，ADF 摄入量减少 9%，粗蛋白消化率增加 10%（p  ≤ 0.05）。约 2% 的糖补充不影响麂子对苜蓿的摄入量和 DM 的总摄入量，但约 10% 的淀粉补充使苜蓿的 DM 摄入量降低了 25%（p  < 0.01），DM 的总摄入量降低了 7%（p  = 0.02 ） ) 和所有营养素的摄入量 ( p ≤ 0.10)。总之，如果圈养反刍动物大量摄入粗饲料对它们的胃肠功能和健康至关重要，那么淀粉饲料的补充应该受到限制，因为它们对粗饲料的摄入有特别的负面影响。