Seven internally-deformed layers were recognised in the shallow marine bay sediments deposited during mid Marine Isotope Stage 2 along the Latvian Baltic Sea coast bluff at Baltmuiža. Detailed sedimentological analyses of these deformed layers indicate that liquefaction was responsible for the development of soft-sediment deformation structures (SSDS) including injection structures, load casts, flame structures and pseudonodules. Traces of both initial liquefaction and re-liquefaction were recognised within at least four of the seven layers with SSDS (two different generations of pseudonodules and injection structures, clastic injection pipes, disrupted load casts). This is a unique finding, as it is difficult to re-liquefy sediment affected by previous liquefaction due to the increased packing of grains and decreased hydration after initial liquefaction. Furthermore, all layers with SSDS are characterised by eroded tops, which indicate that deformation took place when these layers were at the contemporary surface of sedimentation. We suggest that the initial liquefaction of fluidised coastal sediments was caused by various triggers (uneven loading, glacigenic earthquake), while the re-liquefaction could be related to a single trigger of mid-Late Weichselian glacigenic earthquakes at the front of the advancing last Fennoscandian Ice Sheet. Our results show that despite compaction after liquefaction, sediment re-liquefaction caused by an allogenic trigger is still possible under favourable conditions, i.e., sediment anisotropy, cyclic loading, and preserved high water saturation. Our findings are also the first to demonstrate the sedimentological imprints of re-liquefaction.

在海洋同位素第 2 阶段中期沉积的浅海海湾沉积物中，在 Baltmuiža 的拉脱维亚波罗的海沿岸悬崖上发现了七个内部变形层。对这些变形层的详细沉积学分析表明，液化是软沉积变形结构 (SSDS) 形成的原因，包括注入结构、载荷铸件、火焰结构和假结核。在具有 SSDS 的七层中的至少四层中识别出初始液化和再液化的痕迹（两代不同的假结节和注入结构、碎屑注入管、破坏的负载铸件）。这是一个独特的发现，因为在最初的液化之后，由于增加了谷物的堆积和减少了水合作用，因此很难重新液化受先前液化影响的沉积物。此外，所有具有 SSDS 的层都具有顶部侵蚀的特征，这表明这些层在当代沉积表面时发生了变形。我们认为流化海岸沉积物的初始液化是由各种触发因素（不均匀载荷、冰川地震）引起的，而再液化可能与晚期芬诺斯坎迪亚晚期中晚期魏克塞尔冰川地震的单一触发因素有关。冰盖。我们的结果表明，尽管液化后压实，但在有利条件下，同种异体触发引起的沉积物再液化仍然是可能的，即沉积物各向异性，循环加载，并保持高含水饱和度。我们的发现也是第一个证明再液化的沉积学印记的发现。