To be future proof, it is essential for buildings and their heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems to be adaptive to changing climate and occupancy scenarios and supplied with locally generated renewable energy. To accomplish this, the trend is towards decentralising HVAC and energy-generating equipment into prefabricated non load-bearing facade systems, which can be replaced with minimal disturbance to the building core and its ongoing activities. Key to a successful implementation of such facades in the building industry, is self-sufficiency through facade-integrated energy storage and the absence of (grid/water) supply and drainage lines. This review discusses the savings potential of about 50 facade systems and projects classifying them according to their renewable energy generation, storage and HVAC technology. Up to 63 kg/m²a CO₂ savings have been reported for the considered technologies. Although many studies are energy-neutral, few attempts towards self-sufficient facade-integrated storage are published. Decentralized ventilation combined with thermo-electric elements or heat pumps further shows potential for self-sufficient curtain wall-integrated HVAC. This review, however, found no self-sufficient prefabricated facade system on the market with integrated HVAC.

为了面向未来，建筑物及其供暖、通风和空调 (HVAC) 系统必须适应不断变化的气候和居住场景，并提供当地产生的可再生能源。为实现这一目标，趋势是将暖通空调和发电设备分散到预制的非承重外墙系统中，更换后对建筑核心及其正在进行的活动的干扰最小。在建筑行业成功实施此类外墙的关键是通过与外墙集成的能量存储以及没有（电网/水）供应和排水管线实现自给自足。本评论讨论了大约 50 个幕墙系统和项目的节能潜力，根据其可再生能源发电、存储和暖通空调技术对它们进行分类。最多 63 kg/m ² a CO ₂已被报告用于所考虑的技术。尽管许多研究都是能源中性的，但很少有关于自给自足的立面集成存储的尝试发表。分散式通风与热电元件或热泵相结合，进一步显示了自给自足的幕墙集成暖通空调的潜力。然而，本次审查发现市场上没有集成暖通空调的自给自足的预制外墙系统。