Robots are increasingly appearing as a potential answer to the ‘care crisis’ facing a number of countries. Although it is anticipated that many positives will flow from the application of these technologies, they are also likely to generate unexpected consequences and risks. This paper explores the use of robots within disability and aged care settings in the Australian and New Zealand contexts. Informed by thirty-five semi-structured interviews with a range of stakeholders, the paper explores why this area is so difficult to govern examining areas identified as generating tensions around the use of robots in care settings. In each of these areas some respondents saw the introduction of robots to be relatively straightforward applications that do not require extensive structures of governance. Others, however, viewed these applications as having potentially greater implications and the need to govern for these over the longer term. The three areas of tension that we explore in this paper relate to independence and surveillance, the re-shaping of human interaction and who can care. These tensions illustrate some of the problems involved in governing robots in a care service context and some of the potentially difficult issues that governments will need to resolve if these technologies are to be effective. We conclude the paper arguing what is needed is a responsive regulation approach to help resolve some of the complexities and tensions in overseeing these technologies.

中文翻译：

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探索颠覆性技术的治理张力：澳大利亚和新西兰的护理机器人案例

机器人越来越多地成为许多国家面临的“护理危机”的潜在解决方案。尽管预计这些技术的应用会产生许多积极的影响，但它们也可能产生意想不到的后果和风险。本文探讨了机器人在澳大利亚和新西兰的残疾和老年护理环境中的使用。通过对一系列利益相关者的 35 次半结构化访谈，该论文探讨了为什么该领域如此难以管理被确定为在护理环境中使用机器人产生紧张局势的检查领域。在这些领域中，一些受访者认为引入机器人是相对简单的应用，不需要广泛的治理结构。然而，其他人，认为这些应用程序可能具有更大的影响，并且需要长期管理这些应用程序。我们在本文中探讨的三个紧张领域与独立性和监督、人类互动的重塑以及谁可以关心有关。这些紧张关系说明了在护理服务环境中管理机器人所涉及的一些问题，以及如果这些技术要有效，政府将需要解决的一些潜在困难问题。我们得出结论认为，需要一种响应式监管方法来帮助解决监督这些技术的一些复杂性和紧张局势。重新塑造人与人之间的互动和谁可以关心。这些紧张关系说明了在护理服务环境中管理机器人所涉及的一些问题，以及如果这些技术要有效，政府将需要解决的一些潜在困难问题。我们得出结论认为，需要一种响应式监管方法来帮助解决监督这些技术的一些复杂性和紧张局势。重新塑造人与人之间的互动和谁可以关心。这些紧张关系说明了在护理服务环境中管理机器人所涉及的一些问题，以及如果这些技术要有效，政府将需要解决的一些潜在困难问题。我们得出结论认为，需要一种响应式监管方法来帮助解决监督这些技术的一些复杂性和紧张局势。