ABSTRACT

Due to the scarcity of water resources, low quality of available water, and drought occurrence, farmer’s tendency to rain-fed farming is increased. In this study, the effect of supplemental irrigation (SI) timing in different months (Rain-fed, March, May, August, March + May) and potassium (K) application at three rates either via foliar spray (0, 1.5 and 3 kg K 1000 L⁻¹) or fertigation (0, 150, 250 g tree⁻¹) on soil water balance and growth of rain-fed fig (Ficus carica L.) trees was investigated through a 3-year experiment. Results showed that SI would increase the soil water content, tree evapotranspiration, yield, shoot growth, shoot diameter, number of leaves in a new shoot, leaf width in a new shoot, number of inflorescences, and inflorescence diameter in rain-fed fig trees. Among the irrigation timing treatments, irrigation in March is the best time for the supplemental irrigation of rain-fed fig orchards in severe drought conditions to improve vegetative and generative traits. In addition, application of potassium at the rate of 150 g per tree through fertigation or 3 kg 1000 L water via foliar application is recommended to achieve the highest fruit production in rained fig orchards under drought conditions.

摘要

由于水资源稀缺、可用水质量低、干旱发生，农民对雨养农业的倾向增加。在本研究中，不同月份（雨养、3 月、5 月、8 月、3 月 + 5 月）的补充灌溉 (SI) 时间以及通过叶面喷洒 (0、1.5 和 3 kg K 1000 L ^-1 ) 或施肥（0, 150, 250 g 树^-1）对土壤水分平衡和雨养无花果 ( Ficus carica)生长的影响L.) 树木通过为期 3 年的实验进行了调查。结果表明，SI会增加雨养无花果树的土壤含水量、树木蒸散量、产量、枝条生长、枝条直径、新枝叶数、新枝叶宽、花序数和花序直径. 在灌水时机处理中，3月灌水是严重干旱条件下雨养无花果园补充灌水以改善营养和繁殖性状的最佳时间。此外，建议通过灌溉施肥每棵树以 150 克的量施用钾或通过叶面施用 3 公斤 1000 升水，以在干旱条件下使无雨无花果园的果实产量达到最高。