ABSTRACT

This review investigated information about metacercariae of Clinostomum Leidy, 1856 published over 91 years (1928 to 2019) to search for infection and geographic distribution patterns of this digenean species in freshwater fish from Brazil. The present study used 101 samples from 60 fish species of different families distributed in Characiformes, Siluriformes, Cichliformes, Gymnotiformes, Cypriniformes, Cyprinodontiformes, and Synbranchiformes. The greatest number of parasite–host associations were found for Cichliformes species of the Cichlidae family. Metacercariae of digeneans that belonged to four species of Clinostomum were found, with Clinostomum marginatum and Clinostomum complanatum (68.7%) the dominant species, whereas 22.2% of parasites were allocated only to the genus Clinostomum. There was variation in prevalence, intensity and abundance of Clinostomum spp. in host fish, and infection sites included internal and external organs (e.g. intestine, stomach, operculum, muscle, mouth, heart, gills, body cavity, fins). There was similarity in prevalence, intensity, and abundance of Clinostomum spp. in detritivorous, omnivorous, and piscivorous host fish. Clinostomum metacercariae are distributed in the Amazon, Paraná River, São Francisco, Uruguay, Atlantic North and South, and Southeast basin systems, whereas C. marginatum and C. complanatum have distribution patterns limited to hydrographic basins of different regions. Clinostomum spp. have a cosmopolitan distribution and parasitize a diversity of host fish, and the present study constitutes the most extensive survey regarding these digeneans in fish throughout Brazil.

摘要

本综述调查了有关Clinostomum Leidy囊蚴的信息，该信息于 1856 年发表，发表时间超过 91 年（1928 年至 2019 年），以寻找巴西淡水鱼中这种双线虫物种的感染和地理分布模式。本研究使用了来自 60 个不同科的鱼类的 101 个样本，这些鱼类分布在 Characiformes、Siluriformes、Cichliformes、Gymnotiformes、Cypriniformes、Cyprinodontiformes 和 Synbranchiformes。丽鱼科丽鱼形目物种的寄生虫-宿主关联数量最多。发现了属于斜口线虫的四种斜口线虫的包囊蚴，其中斜线口线虫和斜口线虫(68.7%) 是优势种，而 22.2% 的寄生虫仅分配给斜口属。Clinostomum spp的流行程度、强度和丰度存在差异。在宿主鱼中，感染部位包括内部和外部器官（例如肠、胃、鳃盖、肌肉、嘴、心脏、鳃、体腔、鳍）。Clinostomum spp的流行程度、强度和丰度存在相似性。在杂食性、杂食性和鱼食性宿主鱼中。Clinostomum metacercariae 分布于亚马逊、巴拉那河、圣弗朗西斯科、乌拉圭、大西洋北部和南部以及东南盆地系统，而C. marginatum和C. complanatum分布模式仅限于不同地区的水文流域。斜口属 具有世界性分布并寄生于多种宿主鱼类，本研究构成了对整个巴西鱼类中这些双基因体的最广泛调查。