A highly efficient nitrogen-doped carbon sheet-like material (NCS) is developed via simple pyrolysis of β-cyclodextrin and urea at different temperatures. The effect of the pyrolysis temperature (500–800 °C) on the nitrogen species present in the catalysts is thoroughly studied. These nitrogen species formed by the pyrolysis are proven to be the active sites for the chemical conversion. These catalysts containing a significant amount of nitrogen with a high degree of defects display excellent catalytic activity towards the reduction of nitro-compounds. The effect of solvents, reaction time, and temperature in nitrobenzene reduction reaction is also studied. This protocol can be easily utilized industrially due to its several excellent features such as short reaction time, use of green solvent, column chromatography free, and applicable to the gram scale. Besides, after the reaction, the NCS catalyst can be easily recovered and reused up to five runs without significant loss on its catalytic activity.

Graphical Abstract

A facile and environmentally friendly method for the synthesis of metal-free NCS and their application in nitro reduction is reported.

中文翻译：

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氮掺杂碳片上氮的有效无金属催化还原为胺

通过在不同温度下简单地热解β-环糊精和尿素，可以开发出一种高效的氮掺杂碳片状材料（NCS）。深入研究了热解温度（500–800°C）对催化剂中氮物种的影响。通过热解形成的这些氮物质被证明是化学转化的活性位点。这些含有大量氮和高度缺陷的催化剂对还原硝基化合物显示出极好的催化活性。还研究了溶剂，反应时间和温度对硝基苯还原反应的影响。该方案具有多种出色的功能，例如反应时间短，使用绿色溶剂，无需柱色谱，并适用于克级。此外，反应后，NCS催化剂可以容易地回收并重复使用多达五次，而不会显着降低其催化活性。

图形概要

报道了一种简便且环保的无金属NCS的合成方法及其在硝基还原中的应用。