Abstract

A promising approach for supplementing petroleum-derived fuels to support reductions in green-house gas emissions is to convert abundant biomass feedstocks into renewable carbon-rich oils using pyrolysis. However, the resultant bio-oils contain various oxygenated compounds that can impart acidity, chemical and thermal instability, and immiscibility with petroleum derived fuels, necessitating further upgrading to derive fuel blendstocks. Co-processing bio-oils and petroleum-derived liquids in existing refineries is a potentially near-term, cost-effective approach for upgrading bio-oils while reducing refinery carbon intensities. However, one cause for hesitation in co-processing bio-oils is limited comprehensive characterization and speciation of the bio-oil components. Advanced analytical techniques are currently under investigation to enable identification of elusive species in bio-oils, enabling researchers to develop strategies to mitigate catalyst deactivation agents and contaminants. This review provides a brief overview of several analytical methods commonly used to analyze bio-oils and their limitations. In addition, advanced techniques currently under development are discussed to further elucidate bio-oil components that may limit its end use. This will help inform the technical and economic feasibility of co-processing bio-oils with petroleum-derived liquids, therefore, improving the overall downstream processes for biofuels blendstock production.

摘要

补充石油衍生燃料以支持减少温室气体排放的一种有前途的方法是使用热解将丰富的生物质原料转化为可再生的富碳油。然而，由此产生的生物油含有各种含氧化合物，这些化合物会带来酸性、化学和热不稳定性，以及与石油衍生燃料的不混溶性，需要进一步升级以衍生燃料混合物。在现有炼油厂协同处理生物油和石油衍生液体是一种潜在的近期、具有成本效益的升级生物油的方法，同时降低炼油厂的碳强度。然而，在协同处理生物油方面犹豫的一个原因是生物油成分的综合表征和形态有限。目前正在研究先进的分析技术，以识别生物油中难以捉摸的物种，使研究人员能够制定减少催化剂失活剂和污染物的策略。本综述简要概述了几种常用于分析生物油的分析方法及其局限性。此外，还讨论了目前正在开发的先进技术，以进一步阐明可能限制其最终用途的生物油成分。这将有助于了解生物油与石油衍生液体协同处理的技术和经济可行性，从而改善生物燃料混合原料生产的整体下游工艺。本综述简要概述了几种常用于分析生物油的分析方法及其局限性。此外，还讨论了目前正在开发的先进技术，以进一步阐明可能限制其最终用途的生物油成分。这将有助于了解生物油与石油衍生液体协同处理的技术和经济可行性，从而改善生物燃料混合原料生产的整体下游工艺。本综述简要概述了几种常用于分析生物油的分析方法及其局限性。此外，还讨论了目前正在开发的先进技术，以进一步阐明可能限制其最终用途的生物油成分。这将有助于了解生物油与石油衍生液体协同处理的技术和经济可行性，从而改善生物燃料混合原料生产的整体下游工艺。