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Incorporating early and late-arriving photons to improve the reconstruction of cerebral hemodynamic responses acquired by time-resolved near-infrared spectroscopy
Journal of Biomedical Optics ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-01 , DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.26.5.056003
Daniel Milej 1 , Androu Abdalmalak 1 , Ajay Rajaram 1 , Amandeep Jhajj 2 , Adrian M. Owen 2 , Keith St. Lawrence 1
Affiliation  

Significance: Despite its advantages in terms of safety, low cost, and portability, functional near-infrared spectroscopy applications can be challenging due to substantial signal contamination from hemodynamics in the extracerebral layer (ECL). Time-resolved near-infrared spectroscopy (tr NIRS) can improve sensitivity to brain activity but contamination from the ECL remains an issue. This study demonstrates how brain signal isolation can be further improved by applying regression analysis to tr data acquired at a single source–detector distance. Aim: To investigate if regression analysis can be applied to single-channel trNIRS data to further isolate the brain and reduce signal contamination from the ECL. Approach: Appropriate regressors for trNIRS were selected based on simulations, and performance was evaluated by applying the regression technique to oxygenation responses recording during hypercapnia and functional activation. Results: Compared to current methods of enhancing depth sensitivity for trNIRS (i.e., higher statistical moments and late gates), incorporating regression analysis using a signal sensitive to the ECL significantly improved the extraction of cerebral oxygenation signals. In addition, this study demonstrated that regression could be applied to trNIRS data from a single detector using the early arriving photons to capture hemodynamic changes in the ECL. Conclusion: Applying regression analysis to trNIRS metrics with different depth sensitivities improves the characterization of cerebral oxygenation signals.

中文翻译:

合并早期和晚期到达的光子,以改善通过时间分辨近红外光谱仪获得的脑血流动力学反应的重建

启示:尽管其在安全性,低成本和便携性方面具有优势,但由于来自脑外层(ECL)血液动力学的大量信号污染,功能性近红外光谱应用仍可能具有挑战性。时间分辨近红外光谱(tr NIRS)可以提高对大脑活动的敏感性,但是ECL的污染仍然是一个问题。这项研究表明,通过将回归分析应用于在单个源-探测器距离处获取的tr数据,可以进一步改善脑信号隔离。目的:研究是否可以将回归分析应用于单通道trNIRS数据,以进一步隔离大脑并减少ECL的信号污染。方法:根据模拟选择了适合于trNIRS的回归指标,通过将回归技术应用于高碳酸血症和功能激活过程中的氧合反应记录来评估性能。结果:与当前增强trNIRS深度敏感性的方法(即更高的统计矩和较晚的闸门)相比,使用对ECL敏感的信号进行回归分析可以显着改善脑氧合信号的提取。此外,这项研究表明,可以使用早期到达的光子来捕获ECL中的血液动力学变化,从而将回归应用于单个检测器的trNIRS数据。结论:将回归分析应用于具有不同深度敏感性的trNIRS指标可改善对脑氧合信号的表征。与当前增强trNIRS深度敏感性的方法(即更高的统计矩和较晚的闸门)相比,使用对ECL敏感的信号进行回归分析可以显着改善脑氧合信号的提取。此外,这项研究表明,可以使用早期到达的光子来捕获ECL中的血液动力学变化,从而将回归应用于单个检测器的trNIRS数据。结论:将回归分析应用于具有不同深度敏感性的trNIRS指标可改善对脑氧合信号的表征。与当前增强trNIRS深度敏感性的方法(即更高的统计矩和较晚的闸门)相比,使用对ECL敏感的信号进行回归分析可以显着改善脑氧合信号的提取。此外,这项研究表明,可以使用早期到达的光子来捕获ECL中的血液动力学变化,从而将回归应用于单个检测器的trNIRS数据。结论:将回归分析应用于具有不同深度敏感性的trNIRS指标可改善对脑氧合信号的表征。此外,这项研究表明,可以使用早期到达的光子来捕获ECL中的血液动力学变化,从而将回归应用于单个检测器的trNIRS数据。结论:将回归分析应用于具有不同深度敏感性的trNIRS指标可改善对脑氧合信号的表征。此外,这项研究表明,可以使用早期到达的光子来捕获ECL中的血液动力学变化,从而将回归应用于单个检测器的trNIRS数据。结论:将回归分析应用于具有不同深度敏感性的trNIRS指标可改善对脑氧合信号的表征。
更新日期:2021-05-18
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