Abstract

In this paper, methods for removing corrosion product deposits from the primary circuit of light-water reactors with pressurized coolant under transient operating conditions are considered. The analysis of these methods, which are successfully used in the main types of light-water reactors, such as PWRs, VVERs, and nuclear marine propulsion reactors, has shown that the promising lines for their development are the selection of chemical reagents that do not violate the water chemistry of the coolant and provide the effective removal (disintegration or dissolution) of corrosion product deposits and experimental validation of their use. To disintegrate the deposits in the VVER-type reactors, hydrazine can be used; hydrazine and ammonia can be used for this purpose in marine nuclear propulsion reactors. The formation on the surface of fuel assemblies of bonaccordite (Ni₂FeBO₅) as a result of coolant boiling is a serious problem that may arise during the purification of the primary circuit from corrosion product deposits under transient conditions in the PWRs. To prevent the formation of this compound, it is proposed to adjust the water chemistry of the primary coolant so that the pH value of the medium is at 7.4 throughout the entire reactor’s operational period. The mutual influence of the methods for removing corrosion product deposits under transient operating conditions of nuclear reactors and the technology of injecting zinc into the primary circuit coolant has been analyzed. It has been shown that the technological solutions proposed can complement each other and, despite widespread applications of the zinc-injection technology, the purification methods still remain topical under transient operating conditions of the reactor. The purification methods under investigation have proven their applicability to the basic light-water reactors, such as PWRs and VVERs, as well as nuclear marine propulsion reactors.

中文翻译：

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瞬态工况下去除轻水反应堆一次回路腐蚀产物沉积的方法（综述）

摘要

在本文中，考虑了在瞬态运行条件下用加压冷却剂从轻水反应堆主回路中去除腐蚀产物沉积物的方法。对这些方法的分析已成功用于主要类型的轻水反应堆中，例如压水堆，VVER和核动力推进反应堆，结果表明，开发它们的有希望的路线是选择不使用化学试剂的化学试剂。违反冷却液的水化学性质，并能有效去除（分解或溶解）腐蚀产物沉积物，并对其使用进行实验验证。为了分解在VVER型反应器中的沉积物，可以使用肼。肼和氨气可用于船舶核推进反应堆中。₂ FeBO ₅冷却液沸腾的结果）是一个严重的问题，在PWR的瞬态条件下从腐蚀产物沉积中净化一次回路时可能会出现。为了防止这种化合物的形成，建议调节一次冷却剂的水化学性质，以使在整个反应器的整个运行期间，介质的pH值为7.4。分析了在核反应堆瞬态运行条件下去除腐蚀产物沉积物的方法和将锌注入一次回路冷却剂中的技术之间的相互影响。已经表明，提出的技术解决方案可以相互补充，尽管注锌技术得到了广泛的应用，在反应器的瞬时操作条件下，纯化方法仍然是局部的。所研究的净化方法已证明它们可用于基本轻水反应堆，例如压水堆和甚大型核反应堆，以及核动力推进反应堆。