Male bearded seals (Erignathus barbatus) use vocal displays to attract females and to compete with other males during the mating season. This makes it possible to monitor breeding populations of this species using passive acoustic monitoring (PAM). This study analysed year-round acoustic data records from AURAL instruments in Svalbard (Norway) to investigate seasonal variation in the acoustic presence of male bearded seals and the phenology of different call types (long, step and sweep trills) at three sites representing a variety of habitats with varied ice conditions. Male bearded seals vocalized for an extended period at a drift-ice site (Atwain; January–July) north of Spitsbergen, while the vocal season was shorter at a High Arctic land-fast-ice site (Rijpfjorden; February–June) and shorter yet again at a west-coast site that has undergone dramatic reductions in sea ice cover over the last 1.5 decades (Kongsfjorden; April–June). Generalized Additive Models showed marked seasonal segregation in the use of different trill types at Atwain, where call rates reached 400 per h, with long trills being the most numerous call type. Modest segregation of trill types was seen at Rijpfjorden, where call rates reached 300 per h, and no segregation occurred in Kongsfjorden (peak call rate 80 per h). Sea ice cover was available throughout the vocal season at Atwain and Rijpfjorden, while at Kongsfjorden peak vocal activity (May–June) occurred after the sea ice disappeared. Ongoing climate warming and sea ice reductions will likely increase the incidence of such mismatches and reduce breeding habitat for bearded seals.

公海豹（Erignathus barbatus）在交配季节使用人声展示吸引雌性并与其他雄性竞争。这使得可以使用无源声波监测（PAM）监测该物种的繁殖种群。这项研究分析了来自挪威瓦尔斯瓦尔德市AURAL仪器的全年声学数据记录，以调查在三个代表不同变种的三个地点，雄性胡须海豹的声学存在的季节性变化以及不同呼叫类型（长，阶和扫长的颤音）的物候特征。各种冰环境的栖息地。在斯匹次卑尔根以北的流冰场（阿特瓦因； 1月至7月），雄性胡须海豹发出了较长的声响，而北极高地陆冰场（Rijpfjorden；2月至6月）和在西海岸的一个地点再度缩短，在过去的1.5年中，海冰的覆盖率急剧下降（Kongsfjorden； 4月至6月）。通用加性模型显示在Atwain使用不同的Trill类型时出现明显的季节隔离，那里的呼叫速率达到每小时400个，长Trill是最多的呼叫类型。里格菲约登的三振类型略有隔离，呼叫率达到每小时300个，而康斯菲尤登没有发生隔离（峰值呼叫率为每小时80个）。在Atwain和Rijpfjorden的整个声带都可以进行海冰覆盖，而在Kongsfjorden的声带活动高峰期（5月至6月）是在海冰消失之后发生的。持续的气候变暖和海冰减少可能会增加这种不匹配的发生率，并减少胡须海豹的繁殖栖息地。